死亡金属音乐能给你带来快乐吗？
Can death metal bring you joy?
Hello, and welcome to 6 Minute English. I'm Neil.
大家好，欢迎来到六分钟英语，我是尼尔。
And I'm Rob.
我是罗伯。
Rob, do you like metal?
罗伯，你喜欢金属吗？
Er, that’s an odd question.
呃，这是个奇怪的问题。
I’ve never really thought about it.
我从来没想过。
I mean, I use metal things every day – my toaster, my bike, the underground…
我的意思是，我每天都用金属制品——我的烤面包机，我的自行车，地铁……
No, no - not that kind of metal, this kind of metal.
不，不，不是那种金属，是这种金属。
Oh, that kind of metal. The musical genre, the type of music...
哦，那种金属。音乐种类，音乐类型……
Yes, and in particular, death metal.
是的，尤其是死亡金属。
That fast, loud, aggressive sounding, guitar-based music style?
那种快节奏，很大声，听起来激进的，以吉他为基础的音乐风格？
Yep, that’s the one.
是的，就是那种。
Nope. Not my cup of tea at all.
不。我一点也不喜欢。
What kind of person do you think I am?
你认为我是什么样的人？
Well, that’s the point.
好吧，那就是重点。
The type of person who likes death metal may not be the kind of person you think they are.
喜欢死亡金属音乐的人可能不是你认为的那种人。
More on that shortly, but first, a quiz.
稍后会有更多内容，但首先是一个小测验。
The electric guitar is an essential element to death metal music.
电吉他是死亡金属音乐的基本元素。
In which decade were the first electric guitars produced?
第一把电吉他是在哪个年代生产出来的？
Was it: a) the 1920s b) the 1930s, or c) the 1940s?
是a)20世纪20年代 b)20世纪30年代 还是c)20世纪40年代？
I think quite early, so I’m going to say the 1920s.
我认为相当早，所以我选20世纪20年代。
Well, we'll see if you're right later in the programme.
好吧，稍后我们将看看你是否回答正确。
Does violent music give people violent thoughts?
暴力的音乐会让人产生暴力的想法吗？
Recent research claims to have found the answer.
最近的一份研究声称已经找到了答案。
This is how the topic was introduced on BBC News.
BBC新闻就是这样介绍这个话题的。
What was the conclusion?
结论是什么？
A psychological study of fans of death metal suggests that they are not desensitised to violence despite the genre’s association with growling, often graphically violent lyrics including depictions of cannibalism.
一项关于死亡金属音乐喜爱者的心理研究表明，他们对暴力并不麻木，尽管这一类型的音乐与咆哮有关，而且往往是赤裸裸的暴力歌词，包括对食人的描绘。
Researchers found that the main response of fans to the music they love was joy, not violence.
研究人员发现，死亡金属音乐喜爱者对他们所喜爱的音乐的主要反应是欢乐，而不是暴力。
Adding that most are very nice people who wouldn't dream of hurting anyone, let alone eating them.
她补充说，大多数人都是非常好的人，他们不会想要伤害任何人，更不用说吃人。
So what conclusion did the researchers come to?
所以研究人员得出了什么结论？
Well, they found that the response to the music was joy, not anger or violence. It made people happy.
他们发现死亡金属音乐喜爱者对死亡金属音乐的反应是快乐，而不是愤怒或暴力。它使人们快乐。
There was a fear that listening to music with violent lyrics, which means violent words, would make people desensitised to violence.
人们担忧听带有暴力歌词的音乐会让人对暴力麻木，暴力歌词指的是暴力的歌词。
If you are desensitised to something, you don’t see it as unusual or unacceptable, it doesn’t bother you.
如果你对某件事不敏感，你不会认为它不寻常或不可接受，它不会影响到你。
The newsreader also said that the lyrics of death metal include topics such as cannibalism, which is the practice of eating human flesh.
新闻广播员同样表示，死亡金属音乐的歌词包括食人等主题，食人是一种吃人肉的行为。
Listening to someone singing about eating people apparently didn’t make them feel like snacking on their neighbours.
听某人唱关于吃人的歌显然不会让他们想要吃邻居。
Let's hear the introduction again.
让我们再听一遍介绍。
A psychological study of fans of death metal suggests that they are not desensitised to violence despite the genre’s association with growling, often graphically violent lyrics including depictions of cannibalism.
一项关于死亡金属音乐喜爱者的心理研究表明，他们对暴力并不麻木，尽管这一类型的音乐与咆哮有关，而且往往是赤裸裸的暴力歌词，包括对食人的描绘。
Researchers found that the main response of fans to the music they love was joy, not violence.
研究人员发现，死亡金属音乐喜爱者对他们所喜爱的音乐的主要反应是欢乐，而不是暴力。
Adding that most are very nice people who wouldn't dream of hurting anyone, let alone eating them.
她补充说，大多数人都是非常好的人，他们不会想要伤害任何人，更不用说吃人。
Professor Bill Thompson from Macquarie University in Sydney conducted this research.
悉尼麦考瑞大学的比尔·汤普森教授组织了这项研究。
What does he say people don’t feel when listening to this kind of music?
他说人们听这种音乐时没有什么感觉？
Most fans are not angry.
大多数死亡金属音乐喜爱者并不愤怒。
Most are actually musically trained people who really get a lot of empowerment and aesthetic interest out of the music.
大多数人实际上是受过音乐训练的人，他们从该种音乐中获得了很多力量和审美情趣。
They feel joyful. They feel transcendent, they feel empowered.
他们感到快乐。他们感到超然，他们感到有力量。
But what they don’t feel is angry.
但他们并不感到愤怒。
What don’t people feel?
人们感觉不到什么？
They don’t feel angry!
他们并不愤怒！
What they do feel is joyful, the adjective from joy.
他们真正感觉到的是快乐，“快乐”的形容词。
They feel happy.
他们感到高兴。
Something else they feel is empowered.
他们感觉到的还有力量。
This is a feeling of being in control of your life, that you can make and follow your own decisions.
这是一种掌控自己生活的感觉，你可以做出自己的决定，并遵循自己的决定。
Music is certainly a powerful art form.
音乐当然是一种强大的艺术形式。
Professor Thompson also said that fans have an aesthetic interest in it.
汤普森教授还表示，死亡金属音乐喜爱者对它有一种审美情趣。
This means that they appreciate it as an art form.
这意味着他们把它当做一种艺术形式欣赏。
Let’s hear Professor Thompson again.
让我们再听一遍汤普森教授说的。
Most fans are not angry.
大多数死亡金属音乐喜爱者并不愤怒。
Most are actually musically trained people who really get a lot of empowerment and aesthetic interest out of the music.
大多数人实际上是受过音乐训练的人，他们从该种音乐中获得了很多力量和审美情趣。
They feel joyful. They feel transcendent, they feel empowered.
他们感到快乐。他们感到超然，他们感到有力量。
But what they don’t feel is angry.
但他们并不感到愤怒。
Time to review our vocabulary, but first, let’s have the answer to the quiz question.
是时候回顾我们的词汇了，但是首先，让我们揭晓测试问题的答案。
In which decade were the first electric guitars produced?
第一把电吉他是在哪个年代生产出来的？
Was it: a) the 1920s b) the 1930s c) the 1940s?
是a) 20世纪20年代，b) 20世纪30年代，还是c) 20世纪40年代？
What did you think, Rob?
你觉得呢，罗伯？
I took a guess at the 1920s.
我猜是在20世纪20年代。
Well electric guitars were early, but not quite that early, I'm afraid.
电吉他很早就出现了，但恐怕没有那么早。
The first ones were produced in the 1930s.
第一批电吉他是在20世纪30年代生产出来的。
So well done if, unlike Rob, you got that correct.
如果你和罗伯不一样，回答对了，那就太好了。
Now, onto the vocabulary.
现在，继续词汇。
Yes, we had a few words connected with music.
是的，我们学了几个与音乐有关的单词。
We had genre for a style of music and also lyrics for the words of a song.
我们学了表示音乐种类的“genre”，还有表示歌词的“lyrics”。
Some of the lyrics of death metal songs are about eating people, which is called cannibalism.
死亡金属音乐的一些歌词是关于吃人的，这被称为“食人”。
Cannibalism is a form of extreme violence and there was some concern that people exposed to such violent lyrics in songs might become desensitised to actual violence.
食人是一种极端暴力的形式，有人担心，接触到歌曲中如此暴力歌词的人们可能会对实际的暴力麻木不仁。
This means that they would accept violence as normal and not be worried by it.
这意味着他们把暴力视为正常的，并不担心它。
However, the research showed that this doesn’t happen and fans actually feel joy, which is another way of saying happiness.
然而，研究表明，这种情况并不会发生，死亡金属音乐喜爱者实际上感到快乐，这是欢乐的另一种说法。
The research also suggested that fans have an artistic appreciation of death metal, described as an aesthetic interest.
研究还表明其爱好者对死亡金属有一种艺术鉴赏力，被形容为审美情趣。
The final word was for a feeling that fans might get after listening to the music, empowered.
最后一个词是死亡金属音乐喜爱者听了该种音乐后可能会有的一种感觉，被赋予力量。
Someone who is empowered is in control of their own life and decisions.
被赋予力量的人能够掌控自己的生活和决定。
And I feel empowered to bring this edition of 6 Minute English to a close.
我觉得我有能力结束这一期的六分钟英语。
We look forward to your company next time.
我们期待你的下次参与。
Until then, you can find us in all the usual places on social media – that's Facebook, Twitter, Instagram and YouTube.
在那之前，你可以在社交媒体所有常见的地方找到我们——有Facebook、Twitter、Instagram和YouTube。
You'll be able to listen to 6 Minute English on the move.
你可以在活动着的时候收听六分钟英语。
You just walk and we talk.
你走着，我们说着。
Just search for bbclearninglish.
只要查找bbclearninglish。
Bye for now.
再见了。
Goodbye!
再见！