The rain was heavy and _________ the land was flooded.

Interviews were carried out ________ over the telephone，via e－mail or fax or face to face in four cities including Beijing，Shanghai，Guangzhou and Wuhan.

Mr.Smith used to smoke __________ but he has given it up.

Mother went shopping; ______, I cleaned the house.

According to Wang Lijun, Chongqing’s former vice-mayor and police chief, Bo Xilai seemed to have been involved in helping himself _______seek personal gains in the past.