与将来事实相反的虚拟语气

 

请看下面的题目:

If we __________ 200 years oldwe __________ everything.

A. were to becould change                                                 B. had beenchanged

C. werewould have changed                                    D. should bechanged

此题应选A。该题考查与将来事实相反的虚拟语气,此时的主句谓语通常用would(shouldcouldmight)+动词原形,而从句谓语可能有以下几种情况:

1. 从句谓语用过去式:

If your father knew thishe would be angry. 要是你父亲知道了,他会生气的。

If it rained tomorrowthe sports meet would beput off. 要是明天下雨,运动会就推迟。

2. 从句谓语用should+动词原形(通常指可能性极小的事情,一般译为“万一”)

If it should rainthe crops would be saved. 要是有雨,这庄稼还有救。

此类句型的主句谓语有时可以用祈使句甚至将来时态:

If it should rain tomorrowdon’t expect me. 万一明天下雨,就不要等我了。

If I should be free tomorrowI will come. 万一我明天有空,我就来。

3. 从句谓语用were to+动词原形 (通常指可能性极小可或近乎不可能,有时指出乎意料)

If the sun were to rise in the westmy love for you would not change. 即使太阳从西边出,我对你的爱也不会变。