顾名思义，现在进行时就是指说话时正在进行的动作或发生的情况。如汉语说的“我在看书”“他在吃饭”“火车在行驶”“秘书在打字”等，在英语中都要用现在进行进来表达，因为它们所涉及的动作在说话的时刻都正在进行。
现在进行时主要用于表示目前正在进行的动作，有时也可表示现阶段在进行的动作。如：
The teacher is giving us an English lesson. 老师正在给我们上英语课。
The farmers are getting in their crops. 农民们正在收割庄稼。
We are making preparations for the conference. 我们一直在为会议作准备。
现在进行时由“am / is / are + 现在分词”构成。如：
I’m studying at Yu Cai Senior Middle school. 我在育才中学读书。
He is writing on the desk. 他再课桌上写字。
They are talking about their visiting the Great Wall. 他们在谈论游长城的事情。
【说明】动词现在分词的构成方法：
(1) 一般在动词后加-ing。如：say―saying, play―playing, think―thinking, study―studying, teach ―teaching, blow―blowing, build―building.
(2) 动词若以-e结尾, 则去e再加-ing。如：love―loving, make―making, guide―guiding, date―dating.
(3) 在以单短元音的重读闭音节结尾，且末尾只有一个辅音字母的动词后，双写最后一个辅音字母，再加-ing。如：begin―beginning, regret―regretting, plan―planning, ban ― banning.
(4) 在以ie结尾的动词后，改ie为y，再加-ing。如：lie―lying, die―dying, tie―tying.
(5) 在以-c[k] 结尾的动词后加-king。如：picnic―picnicking, panic―panicking.
1. 表示正在进行
现在进行时除表示说话时正在进行的动作之外，还可表示在短期内临时进行的动作或存在的情况，这种情况通常不会长期如此，并且在说话时刻也不一定正在进行。如：
Don’t take that ladder away. Your father’s using it. 别把梯子拿起，你父亲在用哩。
The professor is typing his own letters while his secretary is ill. 秘书生病时，教授自己打他的信。
2. 表示短期内在进行
表示在短期内正在进行的动作或存在的情况，这种情况通常不会长期如此。如：
Her car has broken down. She’s going to work by bike. 她的汽车坏了，骑自行车上班。
The professor is typing his own letters while his secretary is ill. 秘书生病时，教授自己打他的信。
这种情况在说话时不一定在发生。如：
Don’t take that ladder away. Your father’s using it. 别把梯子拿走，你父亲在用哩。(说话时不一定正在用)
2. 表示计划或安排
即表示按计划或安排要发生的将来动作，这类用法在没有明确上下文的情况下，通常会连用一个表示将来时间的状语。如：
Are you working next week? 你下星期工作吗?
We are having a few guests tonight. 今晚我们有几个客人来。
She is buying a new bike soon. 她不久将买一辆新自行车。
We’re spending next winter in
用arrive, come, go, leave, take off等动词的现在进行时描写行程安排，也通常有含有将来意义。如：
He is arriving tomorrow morning on the 16:40 train. 他乘下午4:40的火车明天上午到。
3. 表示屡次发生
现在进行时有时可以与always, constantly, continually, forever等表示动作屡次发生的副词连用，强调动作的不断重复的。如：
He is always losing his keys. 他老是丢钥匙。
He is always thinking of his work．他老是想到他的工作。
She’s constantly changing her mind. 她老是改变主意。
Some students in my class are forever talking. 我班上有些学生老是在说话。
这类用法通常带有一定的情感色彩，如表示满意、赞扬、责备、不满、厌烦、不以为然等。
1. 现在进行时强调目前正在进行的动作，而一般现在时强调经常性或习惯性的动作。如：
I’m reading a story now. 我在看一个故事。(目前正在干的事情)
I read stories in my spare time. 我有空时看故事。(经常性的行为) (from www.yygrammar.com)
2. 现在进行时强调现阶段一直在进行的动作，而一般现在时只表动作的重复，而不表示动作的持续。如：
What are you doing these days? 这几天你在干什么？
They are learning English in the summer holiday. 他们暑假在学英语。
They read English every day. 他们每天读英语。
They play volleyball every Sunday. 他们每周星期天都打排球。
3. 表示短促动作的动词(如 jump, knock, beat, pick, skip等)的进行时，表示动作的重复。如：
The girls are jumping over there. 女孩子们在那边跳。
His heart is beating fast. 他的心脏跳得很快。
4. 某些表示希望或想法的动词(如hope, wonder, want等)的进行时可以表示委婉客气。如：
I’m wondering whether you can help us now. 我不知道你现在能否给我们帮一忙。
I’m hoping that you will succeed. 我正在希望你成功呢。(from www.yygrammar.com)
六、现在进行时典型考题（附详解）
1. I’ve won a holiday for two weeks to
A. am taking B. have taken C. take D. will have taken
分析：A。现在进行时表示按计划或安排将要发生的动作。
What are you doing next Sunday?下星期天你打算干什么?
I am reading a paper tomorrow. 我明天要读一篇论文。
2. －What’s that terrible noise?
－The neighbors ______ for a party.
A. have prepared B. are preparing C. prepare D. will prepare
分析：B。由What’s=What is可知，现在在出声音; 进而知道“邻居们正在为一个晚会作准备”，所以用现在进行时。再说，已经准备好了或者将作准备，我们不可能听得到声音，问句也就不成立了，排除A和D。
3. Because the shop ______, all the T-shirts are sold at half price.
A. has closed down B. closed down C. is closing down D. had closed down
分析：C。由all the T-shirts are sold at half price可知，这家商店还没有关闭，但准备将要关闭，所以选C，用现在进行时表示最近的打算。
4. Since I won the big prize, my telephone hasn’t stopped ringing. People ______ to ask how I am going to spend the money.
A. phone B. will phone C. were phoning D. are phoning
分的：D。指赢大奖以来的，近阶段正在发生的事，用现在进行时。
5. They ______ on the program for almost one week before I joined them, and now we ______ it as no good results have come out so far.
A. had been working; are still working B. had worked; were still working
C. have been working; have worked D. have worked; are still working
分析：A。在I joined them之前，就是“过去的过去”，要用过去完成时或过去完成进行时，排除选项C和D; 由now和“到目前还没有结果”可知，现在仍在进行这项工作，用现在进行时，排除选项B。
6. Listen to the two girls by the window. What language ______?
A. did they speak B. were they speaking
C. are they speaking D. have they been speaking
分析：C。由Listen to…可知，要用现在进行时。
7.―Are you still busy?
―Yes, I ______ my work and it won’t take long.
A. just finish B. am just finishing C. have just finished D. am just going to finish
分析：B。由it won’t take long可知即将做完了，用现在进行时表示即将发生的事; 选项D表示“正打算做完”，与句意不符。
8. Ladies and gentlemen, please fasten your seat belts. The plane ______.
A. takes off B. is taking off C. has taken off D. took off
分析：B。用现在进行时表示马上要发生的情况(主要表示按计划或安排要发生的动作)，如：
I’m leaving tomorrow. 我明天走。
They’re getting married next month. 他们下个月结婚。
9. I have to go to work by taxi because my car ______ at the garage.
A. will be repaired B. is repaired C. is being repaired D. has been repaired
分析：C。由于我不得不坐出租车去上班，说明我的车还正在修理，故现在进行时的被动语态。
10. ―Have you got any job offers?
―No. I ______.
A. waited B. had been waiting C. have waited D. am waiting
分析：D。句首的No表明现在还没有找到工作，所以空格处应用现在进行时，表示现在还在等待job offer。
11. Teenagers ______ their health because they play computer games too much.
A. have damaged B. are damaging C. damaged D. will damage
分析：B。此处用现在进行时表示“损害健康”这一情况正在发生。
12. ―What’s that noise?
―Oh, I forgot to tell you. The new machine ______.
A. was tested B. will be tested C. is being tested D. has been tested
分析：C。根据问句的意思可知，机器正在发生声音，故可推知“测试机器正在进行”，故用现在进行时态。
13. The church tower which ______ will be open to tourists soon. The work is almost finished.
A. has restored B. has been restored C. is restoring D. is being restored
分析：D。根据句中的…will be open to tourists soon（不久将对游客开放）以及 The work is almost finished（工程差不多快结束了）可知，the church tower的修复工程还正在进行，故用现在进行时的被动语态。
14. ―I’m not finished with my dinner yet.
―But our friends ______ for us.
A. will wait B. wait C. have waited D. are waiting
分析：D。根据句首的but可知，选现在进行时比较符合语境。对话的意思是：“我还有没吃完饭。”“但是我们的朋友在等我们了。”
15. ―Joan, what ______ in your hand?
―Look! It’s a birthday gift for my grandma.
A. had you held B. are you holding C. do you hold D. will you hold
分析：B。由于答句中的look用的是祈使句，这说明手里说话者的手里正拿着东西，故空格处应用现在进行时。又如：
Competitors are offering lower price. 竞争者正在报较低的价格。
Women are fighting for their rights. 妇女们正在为自身的权利而斗争。
16. I’ll go to the library as soon as I finish what I ______.
A. was doing B. am doing C. have done D. had been doing
分析：B。句意是：我一完成我做的工作就去图书馆。由于“去图书馆”用的是一般将来时，说明要完成的工作是“现在”正在做的事情，故用现在进行时。又如：
He is studying architecture. 他在学习建筑。
The ambulance is carrying wounded people to the nearest hospital. 救护车正在把受伤的人送到最近的医院。
17. That piece of music sounds quite familiar. Who ______the piano upstairs?
A. has played B. played C. plays D. is playing
分析：D。根据That piece of music sounds quite familiar（那首音乐听起来很熟悉）可知，“演奏”正在进行，即应用现在进行时。又如：
She is learning to ride a bicycle. 她在学骑自行车。
Man is fighting a battle against pollution. 人类正在同污染进行斗争。
英语动词16种时态用法详解
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