-ed形容词和-ing形容词的用法与归纳

 

一、-ed形容词的用法与归纳

-ed形容词就是指那些-ed分词转化来的形容词。这类形容词主要用来说明人的感受,含有“感到……”之意,其中比较常见的有:

amused开心的            astonished 惊讶的         delighted高兴的

disappointed 失望的    excited 激动的             frightened 恐惧的

interested 感兴趣的    moved 感动的              pleased 高兴的

puzzled 迷惑的           satisfied 满意的            surprised 吃惊的

tired 疲劳的               worried 担心的

请看以下例句:

He was much amused by all this talk.  这一席话让他觉得十分好笑。

She was quite astonished at his rudeness.  他的粗鲁令她相当吃惊。

The boy was delighted with his new knife. He had been wanting one for a long time.  男孩对新小刀很高兴。他早就想要一把了。

She was disappointed at his refusal. 他拒绝了她很失望。

The audience were very excited by the show. 演出使观众非常激动。

The frightened horse began to run. 受惊吓的马开始跑了起来。

The latest big idea is to make women more interested in sport.  最新的大计划是让女性对运动更感兴趣。

She was moved when her neighbour remembered her in his will.  她的邻居在遗嘱提到她,她被深深地打动了。

My doctor says she is pleased with my progress.  我的大夫说她对我的病情好转非常高兴。

I’m puzzled about the situation.  我对局势感到迷惑不解。

At a conscious level, I was quite satisfied with my life.  在意识层面,我对生活颇满意。

He didn’t notice the surprised look on her face.  他没注意到她脸上惊异的表情。

I’m tired of living abroad.  我在外国住已经厌烦了。

I was worried that the branch wouldn’t take my weight.  我担心树枝承受不了我的重量。

二、-ing形容词的用与归纳

-ing形容词就是指那些-ing分词转化来的形容词。这类形容词主要用来说明给人的感受,含有“令人……”之意,其中比较常见的有:

amusing 有趣的          astonishing 惊人的              charming 可爱的

disappointing 令人失望的  exciting 令人激动的

frightening 可怕的             interesting 有趣的               moving 动人的

puzzling 令人迷惑的  satisfying 令人满意的          surprising 令人吃惊的

tiring 令人疲劳的              worrying 令人担心的

请看以下例句:

He proved himself to be an amusing man.  他证明是一个有趣的人。

It’s astonishing that she should say that sort of thing to you. 她居然对你说出那种话,真叫人吃惊。

He is a bad-tempered fellow, but he can be quite charming when he wishes.  他是个脾气暴躁的人,但他愿意时也可以很温和。

The scope of the exhibition is disappointingly narrow.  展品范围很窄,令人失望。

This film is more exciting than any that I’ve ever seen.  这部影片比我所看过的都更令人激动。

Seen from the student’s viewpoint, the oral exam can be frightening.  从学生的角度来看,口试可能有些吓人。

The walk takes you past a lot of interesting buildings.  走这条路你会经过很多有意思的建筑物。

There’s something deeply satisfying about eating vegetables that you have grown yourself.  吃自己种的蔬菜让人感到心满意足。

That child shows a surprising understanding of adult behaviour. 那个孩子对成年人行为表现出惊人的理解。

It was the most worrying day that he had ever spent.  这是他度过的最烦恼的日子。

 


三、-ed形容词和-ing形容词用法的说明

有的认为,-ed形容词只用于人,-ing形容词只用于物。其实,这种说法不很准确,太绝对了,其中的反例多的是――假若你是一个幽默的人,讲话也风趣,平时还和朋友开玩笑,那么别人就说你是一个有趣的人,用英语他会怎么说呢?他会说:You are so interesting. 又比如:有个小孩很淘气,父母很为他担心,此时我们就可以说:

The parents are worried about their worrying son. 父母在为他们令人担忧的儿子感到担忧。

句中用worried说明父母,是因为父母感到担心;用worrying说明儿子,是因为这个儿子令父母担心――你看,是不是-ing形容词也完可以用于说明人!

另一方面,-ed形容词用于指物的情况也不少见。比较并体会:

a frightened look 害怕的表情(指带有这种“表情”的人感到害怕)

a frightening look 吓人的表情(指这种“表情”令人害怕)

an excited talk 心情激动的谈话(指“谈话”的人心情激动)

an exciting talk 令人激动的谈话(指听“谈话”的人心情激动)