一、late的用法归纳
1. 表示“迟”“晚”,可用作形容词和副词。如:
She told me that she would be late. 她告诉我她会迟到。
He arrived late because of the storm. 因为暴风雨他迟到了。
He came in the late afternoon [late in the afternoon]. 他傍晚才来。
注意,不要认为 lately 是 late 的副词形式。
2. 用于 be late (in) doing sth 或 be late with sth, 意为“做某事做晚了或做迟了”。如:
He was late (in) getting up this morning. 今天早上他起床起得迟。
We were late with lunch [in having lunch] today. 我们今天午饭吃得迟。
比较:be late for 意为“做……迟到”。如:
I’ve never been late for work. 我上班从来没迟到过。
Hurry up, or you’ll be late for school. 赶快,否则你上学就要迟到了。
3. 表示迟到多久,一般用“一段时间+late”。如:
The train was five minutes late. 火车晚点了5分钟。
The bus arrived ten minutes late. 公共汽车迟到了10分钟。
Bill finally rolled up two hours late. 比尔终于来了,迟到了两个小时。
二、later的用法归纳
1. 用作形容词和副词 late 的比较级。如:
It’s rather later than I thought. 这比我想的还要晚。
He left home later than usual. 他比平常还晚离家。
2. 用于一段具体时间之后,表示从过去或将来算起的多长时间以后,但通常不指从现在算起的多久以后。如:
误:I’ll call again a week later.(可改为…in a week)
正:I called again a week later. 一周后我又打了电话。
正:I’ll call her on March 5 and will call again a week later. 我将在3月5日给她打个电话,过一周后我将再打个电话。
但是later单独使用(即不连用具体时间),可以表示从现在算起的“以后”(具有泛指意义)。如:
Let’s stop now and finish it later. 现在停下来,以后再完成它。
He may be busy, in which case I’ll call later. 他可能忙,如若如此,我以后再来拜访。
3. 用于 later on,表示“以后”“后来”,可用于过去或将来。如:
We’ll discuss the matter later on. 我们以后将讨论这件事。
Later on he realized his mistake. 后来他认识到了自己的错误。
4. sooner or later 为习语,意为“迟早”,注意其词序不能倒过来。如:
You’ll know the truth sooner or later. 你迟早会知道真相的。
Sooner or later you’ll have to make a decision. 你早晚得拿个主意。