用法一:基本用法
一般过去时由动词的过去式构成。主要表示在过去某个时间所发生的动作或存在的状态,常与when, then, at that time, just now, a moment ago, three days ago, last year, yesterday, in 2006等连用,但更多地是通过上下文来表明时间。如:
They gave it to me just now. 这是他们刚才给我的。
He left for New York a week ago. 他一周以前动身去了纽约。
We spent three days in sightseeing. 我们花了三天时间观光游览。
She lived a long life and died a natural death. 她活了很长,无疾而终。
用法二:表示过去的习惯
一般过去时也与used to一样,可以表示在过去一段时间内的经常性或习惯性动作。如:
She came to see us every day. 她每天都来看我们。
I smoked forty cigarettes a day till I gave up. 我戒烟前一天要抽40支烟。
用法三:表示“本想”
think, mean等表示“想法”的动词的过去时有时可以表示过去未曾实现的想法,通常译为“本想”。如:
We thought to return early. 我们本想早点回来的。
I meant to get up early, but forgot to set the alarm. 我本想要早起,但忘记了上闹钟。
I wanted to see the exhibition but the queue put me off. 我本想去看展览会,但是排队的人太多,使我不想看了。
注:更多的时候是用过去完成时表示以上用法。如:
I had meant to come, but something happened. 我本想来,但有事就没有来。
I had intended to speak, but time did not permit. 我本想发言,可是时间不允许。
用法四:用于揭示真相
在特定语境中,当要揭示某情况的真相时,我们习惯上要用一般过去时。如:
It’s not as big as I expected. 那东西不像我预料的那么大。(不能说:... as I have expected.)
You’re older than I thought. 你的岁数比我想的要大一些。(不能说:…than I have thought.)
You won’t come? But you promised! 你不会来了?可是你答应过要来的呀!(不能说:But you have promised!)