一、
make sure的含义一般词典认为make sure有以下两个含义,且都可以后接that从句:
(1) Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English (English•Chinese) (Fourth Edition) (光盘版): make sure:
① to find out if something is true or to check that something has been done. 弄清楚,查明
②to do sth so that you can be certain of the result. 设法确保
(2)《柯林斯COBUILD高阶英汉双解学习词典》(外语教学与研究出版社 2011年7月第1版)P2669:
① If you make sure that something is done, you take action so that it is done. 一定要;设法保证
② If you make sure that something is the way you want or expect it to be,, you check that it is that way. 查明;核实;弄清
(3)《麦克米伦高阶英汉双解词典》 (杨信彰等译 外语教学与研究出版社 2005年10月第1版 )P2114:
① to check something so that you can be sure about it.查明;弄清楚
② to take the action necessary to be sure that something will happen or be done.(采取必要行动) 确保
(4)《牛津高阶英汉双解词典》(第7版) (商务印书馆 2009年 4月第3版) P2032:
①
to do sth in order to be certain sth else happens.查明;弄清楚②to take the action necessary to be sure that something will happen or be done.(采取必要行动) 确保
二、
make sure后接that从句中的时态1. make sure后接that从句中可以用一般时。如:
(1) Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English (English•Chinese) (Fourth Edition) (光盘版): make sure:
① 查明
I wanted to make sure you were all right.
First, make sure the printer has enough paper in it.
②设法确保
I’ll walk you home, just to make sure no one bothers you.
(2)《柯林斯COBUILD高阶英汉双解学习词典》(外语教学与研究出版社 2011年7月第1版)P2669:
①一定要;设法保证
Make sure that you follow the instructions careefully…
He wants to make sure that the schools are committed to providing alternative aducation.
② 查明;核实;弄清
He looked into the bathroom to make sure that he was alone…
Before you cut the cloth, make sure that the pattern matches up on the edges.
(3)《麦克米伦高阶英汉双解词典》 (杨信彰等译 外语教学与研究出版社 2005年10月第1版 )P2114:
① 查明;弄清楚
I just wanted to make sure that you knew where to go.
②(采取必要行动) 确保
Police were there to make sure there was no voilence.
(4)《牛津高阶英汉双解词典》(第7版) (商务印书馆 2009年 4月第3版) P2032:
① 确保
Make sure (that) no one finds out about this.
Our staff will do their best to make sure you enjoy your visit.
② 查明;弄清楚
She looked around to make sure that she was alone.
(5) 张柏然主编《新时代英汉大词典》(商务印书馆 2004年4月第1版) P2367:
查明;确保
He went to the door to make sure that it was locked.
To make sure the letter was delivered to the adressee, I registered it.
(6) 简清国主编《建宏۰外研社英汉多功能词典》(外语与教学研究出版社1997年1月第1版)P1506:
① 查明
Will you make sure (that) he returned?.
② 确保
Make sure (that) you pick me up at five.
(7) 张道真编著的《现代英语用法词典》(重排本) (外语教学与研究出版社1994年10月第1版)P1466:
Please make sure that the door is properly locked.
I will make sure that the letter leaves tonight.
Father makes sure that all the lights are off before he goes to bed.
2. make sure后接that从句中用将来时, 有两种看法:一是that从句中不能用将来时;二是that从句中可以用将来时,但不经常。
① that从句中不能用将来时,主要是中国人编著的工具书坚持这一观点。例如:
(i) 吴瑾瑾主编的《实用英语正误词典》(山东友谊出版社 2002年8月第1版)P1535:
你要确保带上所有的工具。
【误】Make sure that you will bring all the tools with you.
【正】Make sure that you bring all the tools with you.
【说明】make sure表示“使确保”,通常用于祈使句中,其宾语从句中的谓语动词要使用现在时,而不用将来时。
P1536:
请一定锁好房子。
【误】Please make sure that the house will be properly locked.
【正】Please make sure that the house will be properly locked.
【说明】make sure是一个动词短语,表示“肯定”、“设法做到”, 后面的从句中往往用一般现在时表示将来,强调某一愿望或要求一定要实现。
(ii) 曹焰主编的《英语正误用法指南》(商务印书馆2005年10月第1版)P1191:
W Make sure you will get here at six.
R Make sure you get here at six.
sure 常与make搭配,用于祈使句,表示“确实”,“一定”[be or cause to be absolutely sure],所跟从句常用一般现在时,而不用一般将来时。
Make sure you have the key.
Make sure that you get there.
Please make sure that the house is properly locked.
② that从句中可以用将来时,但不经常。中国人和英美人编著的工具书都坚持这一观点。例如:
(i) 周国珍主编《英语正误详解词典》(复旦大学出版社 2000年10月第一版)P1438:make sure (that) 务必;务请 Please make sure that there will be enough light and heat.
(ii) 席玉虎主编《英语常用词用法详解大词典》(L-Z)(商务印书馆国际有限公司 2007年6月北京第1版)p3047:
I made sure he would be here.
(iii) 王福祯主编《英语常见错误词典》(四川辞书出版社2005年5月第1版)P371:
[注] ①一般说来,make sure后的 that从句习惯用一般时代替将来时,但这并不绝对,有时也可以用将来时。例如:
I made sure he would be here.
Please make sure that there will be enough light and heat.
(iv) Morton Benson & Evelyn Benson & Robert Ilson 著的LongmanDictionary of English Collocations《朗文实用英语词语搭配词典》(英汉双解)(译文出版社 1996年6月第1版)P1116:4. make sure that+ clause: Please make sure that there will be enough light and heat.
(v) BNC(BUY-BNC BRTISH NATIONAL CORPUS (UK,1980s-1993) (Mark Davies, Brigham Young University ) http://corpus.byu.edu/bnc/)上的例句:
The only thing is to make sure that somebody's going to come along, because the worst possible scenario is like.
…, because it applied to a number of houses and not to a specific property and clearly care will have to be given by the districts that happens in imposing conditions to make sure that it will appertain to each individual property within a development so that the occupancy condition can be informed.
…, make sure that they will be accepted in the country they are going to by checking in the Royal Mail International Guide.
…. When trading in or throwing away an old " fridge " try to make sure that it is not going to be just broken up without the CFC gas being properly collected first.
…he will risk his position in the rule to make sure that Caesar will not bring any harm to the general public.
You can make sure that you will score by following with a snap punch.
…, caring staff will make sure that your visit will be enjoyable, whatever the occasion.
…, feed the end through into the receipt-holder section and make sure that it will run smoothly.
In Some instances there may be a good many more than one, but here again the magazines will specialise in a specific area and a good deal of study is required to make sure that a particular magazine will be to use the material you are planning to send to it.
If you are using " real " people, make sure that they will be reasonably comfortable in front of the camera.
Once you have issued the invitation it is important to make sure that the photographers will be able to do their job.
We still need to make sure that there will be a goodly number participating so if there is any way you can make up a last minute table don't hesitate to contact either Cecilia or Hilda.
(vi)COCA(The CORPUS OF CONTEMPORAY AMERICAN ENGLISH (1990-2012) (Mark Davies, Brigham Young University) http://www.americancorpus.org/ )上的例句:
2012 Our responsibility is to make sure that children will be protected.
2012 We had to work with this to make sure that all the students would feel welcomed and no one would feel excluded.
2012 …it's also a sign that they're checking to see and make sure that they're not going to get caught.
2012 …, political leaders in that country who wanted to talk to American congressmen to make sure that we are not going to leave the Taliban in charge of
2011…with accreditation demands) prior to configuring an OAP, it is possible to make sure that the product will do what the leadership team wants it to do.
2011 To make sure that the business will be a success, Mr. Aitken dispatched to General Villa's…
2011 Diocesan and parish officials across the country say they have worked hard to make sure that won't be the case when the new translations are introduced at Mass on…
2011 Everyone wants to make sure that it's going to be run as well and as beautifully as Tom has…
2011 Well, the first thing that we did is to make sure that she will be able to tolerate all the physical activities we had planned for…
2011 Thinking that my brother was coming home that night I wanted to make sure that he wasn’t going to text me two hours later being like, …
2011 Now they want to make sure that our leadership will reflect constitutional conservative values.
2011…said that we weren't going to do that because I'm trying to make sure that I'm not going to give anybody anything else to throw against me.
2011..of the Energy Star label which goes through a number of testing procedures to make sure that the quality is going to be there.
2011 And make sure that everyone you surround yourself with is going to support you with what you're…
2011…pass muster with the Senate, where Republicans say they have enough votes to make sure that won't happen.
另外,有的工具书make sure除了“查明”和“确保”两个意思外,还有别的意思,此时that从句可以用将来时。例如
(i)Fredrick T. Wood 著的《英语动词成语词典》(北京出版社 1984年5 月第1版)P243:make sure与 make certain同,但make sure在英语口语中可能更普遍。
make certain (3)Feel sure or convinced. (Colloquial) 感到确信或信服。(口语) I made certain he was going to hit me.
(ii)邢志远主编《英汉惯用语大词典》(新世界出版社 1996年第一版)P1482: make sure (that) ② 深信;自以为确定;自以为可靠: He makes sure that he will come out first.
(iii)张柏然主编《新时代英汉大词典》(商务印书馆 2004年4月第1版) P2367: make sure 2.[用过去时态](常指错误地)确信: I made sure he would help me, but I was disappointed.
(iv)
He stormed at me all through the lessons
3. make sure 后接that从句中可以用进行时。如:
①张道真编著的《现代英语用法词典》(重排本) (外语教学与研究出版社1994年10月第1版)P1466:
He looked behind him to make sure he was not being followed.
②BNC(BUY-BNC BRTISH NATIONAL CORPUS (UK,1980s-1993) (Mark Davies, Brigham Young University ) http://corpus.byu.edu/bnc/)上的例句:
…one has to monitor it very carefully to make sure that it's being effectively spent,…
…, the parallel activity necessary sister companies to make sure that the same message is getting across, …
Pearce cast a look back at Gilbert and Frye, to make sure that they weren't listening.
③ COCA(The CORPUS OF CONTEMPORAY AMERICAN ENGLISH (1990-2012) (Mark Davies, Brigham Young University) http://www.americancorpus.org/ )上的例句:
…that does not mitigate the responsibility of schools, of our communities to make sure that he is not being bullied and that he is protected within the educational environment.
We have challenged our present players, our new players, to make sure that they are filling that void.
And I wanted to make sure that she was telling the truth, …
Victor glanced back, as if to make sure that they weren't being overheard.
4. make sure 后接that从句中可以用完成时。如:
⑴张道真编著的《现代英语用法词典》(重排本) (外语教学与研究出版社1994年10月第1版)P1466:
Make sure that you haven’t forgotten to pack everything you are liely to need.
Have you made sure that the train has not already left?
②BNC(BUY-BNC BRTISH NATIONAL CORPUS (UK,1980s-1993) (Mark Davies, Brigham Young University ) http://corpus.byu.edu/bnc/)上的例句:
I'll make sure that I've read that and talked to Jenny in time for the…
…every classified establishment is inspected by the tourist boards each year to make sure that standards have been maintained.
This morning I telephoned my agent from the kiosk on the corner of the road to make sure that he had received the first fourteen or fifteen thousand words of my novel and,…
③COCA(The CORPUS OF CONTEMPORAY AMERICAN ENGLISH (1990-2012) (Mark Davies, Brigham Young University) http://www.americancorpus.org/ )上的例句:
…and we need to be smart and we need to be making investments to make sure that we have secured it.
She blinked and waited to make sure that he had really spoken those words.