下面是人教版英语必修三第5单元中的一个句子：The coast north of
1.“north of +地点名词”是个什么词组？
2.“north of +地点名词”在句子中能做什么成分？
3. north of Vancouver表示in the north of Vancouver，还是to the north of Vancouver？
第1个问题：“north of +地点名词”是一个of介词短语，又在of前加了方位副词north，构成了一个含有副词修饰的介词短语，表示方位。例如：a railway north of the city城北的一条铁路。类似的词组还有：
“south of +地点名词”
“east of +地点名词”
“west of +地点名词”
“northeast of +地点名词”
“northwest of +地点名词”
“southeast of +地点名词”
“southwest of +地点名词”
第2个问题：“north of +地点名词”，在句中可以作定语、表语和地点状语。例如：
【作定语】
The coast north of
They lived in a village north of London.他们住在伦敦北部的一个村庄里。
All the states east of the Mississippi were connected during this decade.在这十年中，密西西比河以东的所有各州都连上了铁路。
The little plane came down at the old airport south of the town.小飞机在城南的飞机场降落了。
He and Mrs. Kessler live in a big house west of here.他和克斯勒太太住在西边的一栋大房子里。
【作表语】
The United States is north of the equator.美国位于赤道以北。
The lake is due north of the village.这个湖位于村庄的正北方。
Canada is north of the United States.加拿大在美国的北面。
The Olympic Stadium is north of the city centre.奥林匹克体育场在市中心的北部。
Behai Park is just north of the Forbidden City.北海公园就在故宫的北侧。
【作地点状语】
The two roads meet just north of the city.两条马路就在城市的北面汇合。
I live north of Seattle and work around that area quite a bit.我住在西雅图北部，相当多的时间在那一带工作。
Edinburgh is a long way north of London.爱丁堡在伦敦北面很远的地方。
Lying north of the church is a girls' senior high school.位于这座教堂以北的是一所女子高中。
I do not know the address, but it's two blocks north of the hotel. 我不知道地址，但地点是离酒店北边两条街的地方。
North of the equator nights are longer than days.赤道以北地区，黑夜比白天长。
It is just 137 kilometres north of the equator.它位于赤道以北仅137公里。(www.yygrammar.com)
The airport, he informed me, was half a mile north of the town.他告诉我飞机场在城区以北半英里处。
The park is about two miles north (south, east, west) of our school.公园在我校以北（以南、以东、以西）约两英里处。
North of the equater about 61 percent of the surface is covered by water.北半球大约有百分之六十一的表面为水所覆盖。
North of the city lies a railway.城市北边有一条铁路。
Just north of Germany lies the Baltic Sea.波罗的海位于德国正北面。
The hotel is situated two miles north of downtown.那家旅馆位于闹市区以北两英里处。
第3个问题：north of Vancouver表示in the north of Vancouver，还是to the north of Vancouver? 根据句子意思，应该是to the north of Vancouver，因为海岸是“在温哥华市区外的北部”，而in the north of Vancouver则是“在温哥华市区内的北部”。此外，方位词前有了介词还需要加定冠词the。一般来说，“north (south, east, west) of +地点名词”表示“在该地点名词的外部”，等于“to the north (south, east, west) of +地点名词”。若表示在该地点名词的内部，则用“in the the north (south, east, west) of+地点名词”。
含有south of的例句：
That village is 15 miles south of London.那个村庄位於伦敦以南十五英里处。
Troops are concentrating south of the river.军队正向河的南边集结。
South of the equator nights are longer than days.赤道以南地区黑夜比白天长。
It's a town about 250 kilometers south of Weifang.那是在潍坊以南约二百五十公里的一个镇。
We visited the power station lying south of the reservoir.我们访问了水库南边的电站。
It's very central. It's just one street south of Changan Avenue.就在市中心。就在长安大街往南的一条街上。
South of the city lies a big steel factory.城南有个大型钢铁厂。
South of the city lies a middle school.城市南边有一所中学。
It extends for sixteen-million square kilometers south of the Arctic Circle.它占据了北极圈南部的1600万平方公里的面积。
South of the line, slavery was legal.分界线以南，奴隶制是合法的。
It's just south of
Heavy fighting was reported to be going on south of the river.据报导，河的南边有激烈战斗。
The countries south of the equator are in the Southern Hemisphere.赤道以南的国家是在南半球。
South of them, the ground rose gently away from the brook.在它们的南面，地面逐渐从溪谷抬升隆起。
含有east of的例句：
East of the city is a steel works.这城的东面有一家钢厂。
East of the city lie two chemical works.城东有两家化工厂。
East of the village stands a small lake.村东有一个小湖。
Because Asia is east of Europe, “Oriental” took on the meaning of “Asian”.因为亚洲位于欧洲的东方，东方人便有了亚洲人的含义。
The village is 15 miles east of the town.村庄座落在城镇之东十五英里处。
China lies in Asia, east of the world.中国位于世界的东方，属于亚洲。
East of the village are continuous mountains.村子东面就是绵连不断的群山。
I live a few blocks east of the stadium.我住在离体育场东面隔几个街区的位置。
含有west of的例句：
The village lies 15 miles west of town.该村庄位于城西十五英里处。
The island just west of Britain is called Ireland.位于不列颠岛以西的岛屿称作爱尔兰。
Korea lies west of Japan.朝鲜在日本以西。
The land west of the mountain stretches as far as the eye can see.群山以西的地域一望无际。
The longitude of New York is74 degrees west of Greenwich.纽约的经度是西经74度。
West of the mountains, the climate is damp from Pacific winds.山的西面，气候因太平洋的湿风而变得湿润。
You've never been west of Philly, have you?你从没去过费城以西的地方，不是吗
West of our city is a reservoir.在我们市区的西边有一个水库。
It's 15 miles or so west of Oxford.它位于牛津以西15英里左右。
Do you know what country is west of the U.S?你知道美国的西部是哪个国家吗?