flood的可数性与及物性问题

 

1. 用作名词,注意以下用法:

(1) 若指一次洪水,为可数名词;若泛指一般意义的洪水,则为不可数名词。如:

It was a serious flood. 那是一次严重的水灾。

War, famine, and flood are terrible evils. 战争、饥荒、洪水都是可怕的灾难。

但是,用作不可数名词时也可用复数形式,此时并不表示多次洪水。如:

Floods in this area caused more than 500 deaths. 这个地区涨洪水造成了500多人的死亡。

The heavy rain caused floods in the houses by the river. 这场大雨下得河边的房子都进了水。

(2) 虽然本身表示洪水,但有时仍可用于water之前使用。如:

The flood waters are going down. 洪水渐退

Flood water covered the fields by the river. 洪水淹没了河边的田地。

(3) 用于in flood,表示洪水泛滥。如

We can’t cross the meadow there because the river is in flood. 我们不能从那里穿过草地,因为河水泛滥了。

(4) 有时用于引申义,表示大量”“大批为可数名词尤其用于a flood offloods of这类结构。如

The child was in floods of tears. 那孩子哭成了泪人儿。

I received a flood of letters this morning. 我今天早晨收到一大批来信。

2. 用作动词,可用作及物或不及物动词。如:

Every spring the river floods (the valley). 每年春季河水泛滥(淹没山谷)。

The river burst its banks and flooded the town. 河水冲决了堤岸,淹没了城镇。

Rivers (were) flooded by a heavy rain. 一阵大雨后河水猛涨。

有时用于引申义,表示像洪水一样涌来。如:

Letters of thanks flooded in. 感谢信大量涌来。

Applications flooded into the office. 申请书像潮水般涌进办公室。

A powerful light flooded (into) the grounds. 有一道强光照进了庭院。