编者按：2007年第9期本刊发表了一篇题为《〈第二课堂〉一篇文章碰中7道高考题》的文章，当时在广大读者中引起了强烈反响，并且在其后的若干年中，本刊每年都有一些句子或试题与当年的高考题高度吻合。今年高考结束后，又有某些热心的读者给本刊打来电话，说是本刊又有不少题与高考题高度相似，有的甚至是完全雷同。但是，高考作为国考，其命题是高度保密的，况且本刊碰中高考题的文章的发表时间均远远早于高考题出现的时间，有的甚至要比高考题早上好几年。所以，我们只能说：“对不起，高考题，我与你太相像了，但这并不是我的错。”
【高考原题】
2012年高考英语山东卷第23题（答案为C）：
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Maria has written two novels, both of ______ have been made into television. A. them B. that C. which D. what |
【本刊试题】
本刊2009年第12期《确定关系代词前所用介词要“七看”》一文中有这样一个例句：
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She has written two novels, both of which have been made into television series. 她写了两本小说，均已被拍成了电视连续剧。 |
【相似程度】
同学们仔细看一看，比一比，这两道题的相似程度有多高？至少可以说是99%――因为山东卷的高考题只是将本刊句子中的人名稍稍改动了一下。如果将山东卷的高考题填充完整，则为：
Maria has written two novels, both of which have been made into television. 玛丽亚写了两本小说，均已被拍成了电视剧。
同学们，你认为这个句子与本刊的句子有区别吗？
【考点归纳】由“… of which / whom”引导的定语从句
▲三个说明：
1. 这是高考英语中一个很重要的考点，同时也是同学们很容易出错的一个知识点，必须透彻弄清。
2. 其中的省略号可以是不定代词（如both, either, neither, none等）或数词（如one, two, three等）。
3. 这类定语通常位于主句之后，但有时也可能位于主句中间，但一般不会位于主句之前。
▲四点注意：
1. which 用于事物，whom用于人。做题时，要注意分清先行词是指人还是指物。
2. 由于关系代词which或whom被介词of以及它前面的不定代词或数词分开，所以要特别注意找准先行词。
3. 这类题最可能出现的几个选项是them, that, those, what, which, whom等，注意只有which和whom是关系代词，可以引导定语从句，其余几个根本不是关系代词，根本不能引导定语从句――这一条对做题十分有效。
4. 这类定语从句前不能有并列连词and或but，否则就成了并列句，就应用them之类的人称代词。比较下面的两道题：
(1) He wrote a lot of novels, and most of _____ were popular.
A. them B. whom C. that D. which
(2) He wrote a lot of novels, most of _____ were popular.(http://ask.yygrammar.com/)
A. them B. whom C. that D. which
答题思路实录（简单易学，通杀所有相关考题，绝对有效）：
(1) 答案为 A。首先，句子之间有并列连词and，说明它是一个并列句，而非含有定语从句的复合句，据此可排除关系代词 whom和which；至于A和C，由于that是指示代词，它表示单数，与most of在含义上不吻合，故可排除C。
(2) 答案为 D。首先，句子之间没有并列连词，说明它不是一个并列句，而是一个含有定语从句的复合句，据此可排除不能用作关系代词的 that 和 them；至于 B 和 D，由于whom指人，而前面的先行词 novels 指物，故可排除 B。
▲五条用法：
根据“… of which / whom”引导的定语从句时介词of的不同用法，下面我们为同学们归纳五条用法：
1. of 表示整体与部分的关系
这里所说的整体与部分的关系，指的是of前面的不定代词或数词表示“部分”，of后面关系代词表示“整体”，如 five of which 的意思就是“……当中的五个”，a few of whom 的意思就是“……当中的几个”等。请看实例：
I bought a dozen eggs, six of which broke when I dropped the box. 我买了一打鸡蛋，六个在我失手掉了盒子时摔碎了。
The buses, most of which were already full, were surrounded by an angry crowd. 公共汽车大多数都已经挤满了人，它们被愤怒的人群包围着。
2. of 表示所属关系
这里所说的所属关系，其实就是一种所有格关系，如 the name of which 的意思就是“……的名字”，the hair of whom的意思就是“……的头发”等。请看实例：
It was an agreement the details of which could not be altered. 这是一项其细节不可更改的协定。
In 1980 he caught a serious illness the effects of which he still suffers from. 1980年他患了到现在对他仍有影响的重病。
3. of 表示同位关系
所谓同位关系，指的是介词of前面的不定代词或数词与of后面的关系代词为同位关系，指的是同样的人或事物。如：
Both teams made some wild guesses, none of which were right. 两个队都是瞎猜一通，没有猜对一个。
We’ve tested three hundred types of boot, none of which is completely waterproof. 我们已经测试过300种靴子，没有一种是完全防水的。
Each corner had a guard tower, each of which was exactly ten meters in height. 每个角落都有一座警戒塔，每座警戒塔正好
4. 表示范围
of表示范围时，意思是“在……当中”，通常可译为“其中”。如：
They interviewed 30 people of whom five were possibles. 他们对30人进行了面试，其中有五人符合候选条件。
I saw three camp beds, of which two were occupied. 我看见了3张折叠床，其中两张已有人占了。
这类用法其实可以与表示整体与部分关系的of互换，如上面两句也可写成：
They interviewed 30 people, five of whom were possibles.
I saw three camp beds, two of which were occupied. (http://ask.yygrammar.com/)
5. of 构成固定搭配
有时of与其他词语构成固定搭配，做题时要注意分清这个of到底是与哪些词构成什么样的固定搭配。如：
He’s married to a singer of whom you may have heard. 他与一位歌唱家结了婚，你可能听说过这个人。（注意固定搭配hear of）
Never teach a child anything of which you are not yourself sure. 不要将你自己都没有把握的东西教给孩子。（注意固定搭配be sure of）
The cell is the unit of which all living organisms are composed. 细胞是构成一切生物的单位。（注意固定搭配be composed of）
We struck up a conversation, in the course of which it emerged that he was a sailing man. 我们聊了起来，在谈话过程中得知他是一名水手。（注意固定搭配in the course of）
【再试一把】
以下试题均为作者根据近几年的考点规律精心原创编写，说不定与明年的高考题又很相像哦！
01. There were a lot of computers at the exhibition, any of ______ would have suited me perfectly.
A. them B. that C. which D. what
02. It’s the third in a sequence of three books, the first of ______ I really enjoyed.
A. them B. that C. which D. what
03. Thompson had two strategies, neither of ______ seems to have worked very well.
A. them B. that C. which D. what
04. They produced two reports, neither of ______ contained any useful suggestions.
A. them B. that C. which D. what
05. The machines, each of ______ is perhaps five feet in diameter, are not the largest devices in the room.
A. them B. that C. which D. what
06. Just as revealing are Mr Johnson’s portraits, of ______ there are dozens.
A. them B. that C. which D. what
07. Bardi coloured the milk with the slightest touch of coffee, of ______ there was still plenty.
A. them B. that C. which D. what
08. These nouns refer to the intellectual faculty by means of ______ human beings seek or attain knowledge or truth.
A. them B. that C. which D. what
09. They have two grown children, both of ______ live abroad.
A. them B. that C. which D. whom
10. She brought with her three friends, none of ______ I had ever met before.
A. them B. that C. which D. whom
11. Both players, neither of ______ reached the final, played well. (www.yygrammar.com)
A. them B. that C. which D. whom
12. The event was organized by two people, neither of ______ is a professional.
A. them B. that C. which D. whom
13. There were 500 passengers, of ______ 121 drowned.
A. them B. that C. which D. whom
14. There are over 6,000 students, many of ______ come from overseas.
A. them B. that C. which D. whom
15. There were hundreds of protesters, not a few of ______ were women.
A. them B. that C. which D. whom
16. He went with a group of people, few of ______ were correctly equipped for such a climb.
A. them B. that C. which D. whom
17. I met the fruit-pickers, several of ______ were university students.
A. them B. that C. which D. whom
18. The house was full of boys, ten of ______ were his own grandchildren.
A. them B. that C. which D. whom
19. He introduced me to his boys, one of ______ offered to go with me.
A. them B. that C. which D. whom
20. The lorry crashed into a queue of people, several of ______ had to have hospital treatment.
A. them B. that C. which D. whom
21. I have a number of American relatives, most of ______ live in
A. them B. that C. which D. whom
22. They picked up five boat-loads of refugees, some of ______ had been at sea for several months.
A. them B. that C. which D. whom
23. About six thousand people were arrested, several hundred of ______ have since been released.
A. them B. that C. which D. whom
24. His style of leadership has attracted increasing criticism among his supporters, many of ______ have since left Central Office.
A. them B. that C. which D. whom
25. Boats crammed with hot and angry holidaymakers, some of ______ had waited for up to two days to cross.
A. them B. that C. which D. whom
26. Many theories on punishment exist, all of ______ are variations on a theme.
A. them B. that C. which D. what
【参考答案】
01―05 CCCCC 06―10 CCCDD 11―15 DDDDD
16―20 DDDDD 21―25 DDDDD
（责任编辑 陈根花）