如何翻译these days

 

《英汉双解・剑桥国际英语词典》的 toast (n.)词条下有这样一句(p.1462)

Not so long ago Viviana was a little-known actress playing in a provincial theatre―these days she’s the toast of the town.

该词典的翻译是:

不久以前薇薇安娜还是一个在地方剧院演出的鲜为人知的演员――而这些天她成了镇上极为受人敬慕的人。

我们认为将原句中的 these days 译为“这些天”与本句上下文语境不太相符――按理说,“不久以前”应该与“现在”相对,而不是与“这些天”相对。

事实上,these days通常被作为习语看待,与《英汉双解――剑桥国际英语词典》同出一“家”的《剑桥高级英语词典》对these days解释是:used to talk about the present time, in comparison with the past(用于谈论现在,与过去相对照);《牛津高阶英汉双解词典》(第四版)these days 的解释是:nowadays如今当今,现在)。

下面是我们从《牛津高阶英汉双解词典》(第四版)找来的几个例句(中文翻译也是引自该词典):

There isn’t much call for such things these days. 这种东西近来需求量不大。(call词条)

I’m really getting into jazz these days. 近来我喜爱上爵士乐了。(get词条)

Trying to find a job these days is no joke, I can tell you. 我实话告诉你,现在想找工作可不易。(joke词条)

You take your life in your hands simply crossing the road these days! 近来就连过马路也得豁出命才行! (life词条)

Black leather trousers seem to be quite the rage these days. 近来黑色皮裤似乎风靡一时。(quite词条)

When I read the news these days I sometimes wonder what the world is coming to. 我阅读近日的新闻报道,有时觉得事情未免太不像话了(world词条)

顺便说一句,one of these days也是习语,其意为“不久”“迟早有一天”,不要想当然地译错了。如:

One of these days he’ll realize what a fool he’s been. 不久他就会明白他一直是多么愚蠢

I’m sure your watch will turn up one of these days. 我担保你的手表迟早有一天能找到。

That wretched child I’ll swing for him one of these days! 那个讨厌的孩子――早晚得把我逼死!

当然,如果语境允许,并且不强调与过去的对比,将 these days 译成“这些天”也是可以。如:

I’m continually running into Paul these days. 这些天来我老是不断地撞见保罗。

We are having a cold wave these days. 这些天我们正遇上了寒流。

尤其是当 these days 用作主语时:

These days are cold. 这些天很凉。

但是,有些句子由于语境特殊,将 these days 译为“这些天”会显得很“怪”。如:

Jobs are hard to come by these days.

这个句子显然只能译为“近来工作很难找”,如果译为“这些天来工作很难找”,那就让人觉得很“怪”,因为“工作难找”这一现象不是几天工夫就会改变的。