我内向，我骄傲！
Introvert and proud!
Hello and welcome to 6 Minute English. I'm Neil…
大家好，欢迎收听六分钟英语，我是尼尔。
And I'm Alice.
我是爱丽丝。
So Alice how did you spend Saturday night?
你周六晚上做什么了？
Curled up on the sofa with a good book. You?
蜷缩在沙发里看一本不错的书。你呢？
I went out on the town.
我出去玩了。
Met some friends, had a few drinks, then went on to a party.
见了一些朋友，喝了点小酒，然后去参加一个聚会。
Well that illustrates the difference between us – you're an extrovert.
这就说明了我们两个的差别。你是个外向的人。
And I'm… not.
而我不是。
And where we are on the spectrum between introvert and extrovert is the subject of today's show.
我们属于内向还是外向，是今天节目的主题。
So would you call yourself an introvert, Alice?
所以你称自己为内向的人？
No, I'm an ambivert, which means a mixture of introvert and extrovert.
不，我是一个中间性格的人，内向和外向的混合体。
Well, whichever you are, Alice, staying in on your own on a Saturday night is pretty boring!
无论你是什么性格，周六晚上一个人待着真的很无聊！
Not to me. And you shouldn't be so judgemental, Neil.
对我来说不是。你不应该如此苛刻。
You're reflecting the general view that people seem to have these days, that being an introvert is somehow less valuable than being an extrovert.
你反映了如今人们的一种普遍观点，那就是内向的人没有外向的人重要。
Introverts have many valuable qualities.
内向有很多有价值的品质。
They're reflective – that means thoughtful – and have inner resources.
他们善于沉思，也就是善于思考，他们具备精神财富。
In other words, they don't rely on other people to enjoy themselves.
换句话说，他们不需要依靠别人来取悦自己。
OK, well if you're feeling reflective at the moment, how about answering today's quiz question
如果此刻你感觉很有想法，不如回答一下今天的问题吧。
OK.
好的。
Can you tell me: who first used the term extrovert?
你能告诉我，是谁最先使用了外向这个术语吗？
Was it…a) Sigmund Freud?
a)西格蒙德·弗洛伊德？
b) Friedrich Nietzsche?
b) 弗里德里希·尼采？
Or c) Carl Jung?
还是 c) 卡尔·荣格？
I think the answer is c) Carl Jung.
我想答案是c) 卡尔·荣格。
Well, we'll find out if you got the answer right or not later in the show.
之后我们再看你回答得是否正确。
But before we get there, let's listen to Lisa Kaenzig, researcher and Associate Dean for William Smith College, New York State,
这之前，我们先来听听纽约州威廉·史密斯学院的研究学者兼副院长Lisa Kaenzig的讲话。
telling us a bit more about what being an introvert typically means.
她会告诉我们典型的内向者是什么。
Introverts are people of any age who really get their energy from within themselves.
内向者是指各年龄段从自身内部获取能量的人。
And who often have sort of a running dialogue in their head going on thinking before they're talking,
在他们开口说话前，流畅的对话已经在他们脑中过了一遍，
like to have a little more time to think through things before they're commenting on them or answering a question,
在他们作出评论或回答问题前，比其他人有更多的时间去彻底思考这个问题。
need some time to recharge their batteries by being by themselves, and enjoy having alone time.
他们需要时间给自己充电，喜欢一个人独处的时光。
Lisa Kaenzig there – who says that introverts think about what they're going to say before they say it.
上述是Lisa Kaenzig的观点，她说内向者在表达观点前会先思考一遍。
Do you do that, Neil?
你会这么做吗，尼尔？
Nope!
不会！
You should try it sometime.
有时候你应该试一试。
Now, Lisa also talks about the different ways people recharge their batteries
Lisa也讲述了人们给自己充电的不同方式。
– introverts tend to need time alone to regain their strength and energy when they're feeling drained – or very tired
当人们感到精疲力尽时，内向者倾向于通过独处来给你自己充电，获取能量，
– whereas extroverts often prefer to recharge by being with other people.
而外向者倾向于和他人在一起，补充自己的能量。
So introverts create their energy internally – from within themselves
所以内向者通过内在来汲取能量。
– and extroverts recharge from being with other people.
而外向者通过和他人在一起给自己充电。
Exactly. But in some situations, for example at school or in the workplace, things can be made suitable for – extroverts.
没错。但在一些情形下，例如在学校或工作单位，外向者会更适合。
Extroverts typically love being with others – in a big class or an open plan office – where there's a lot going on.
外向者一般喜欢和他人相处，在大的班级或统间式办公室，有很多和他人相处的机会。
They enjoy the external stimulation.
他们享受外在的激励。
But introverts can find these big, noisy environments uncomfortable.
但内向者可能会对这种大而嘈杂的环境感到不适。
I can see that.
看出来了。
And these days, people are wild about group work and brainstorming
如今，人们热衷于团体活动和头脑风暴，
– job ads frequently ask if you are a people person, a team player … and so on.
招聘启事上经常会问你是否善于与人打交道，是否擅长团队合作等等。
That's right. Introverts like to work alone or in small groups and need a quieter space to perform well.
没错，内向者喜欢独自工作或在小群体内工作，在略微安静的环境才能表现更好。
Let's listen now to Dr Peter Aloka, a researcher and psychologist in Kenya.
我们来听听肯尼亚的研究学者及心理学家Peter Aloka的看法。
He's been working with introvert teenage mothers in Bondo who are returning to school after having their babies.
他一直在和邦多的内向少女母亲打交道，她们在生下孩子后都重返了学校。
And schools are being asked to develop new strategies to support their learning.
当地学校也被要求寻找新的方法支持她们的学习。
Introverts might find it easier working in groups, but with smaller groups, and they work in pairs with extroverts…
内向者也许能更容易地在群体中相处，但只是在小团体，和外向者们两人一组。
The teachers should design a classroom for all the students too, to contribute.
老师们应该设计一种课堂模式，所有的学生都能参与进来，贡献力量。
Whenever a teacher is teaching a question in class let them allow for wait time for students to process the information before answering the question.
在课堂上，无论何时，老师在讲一个问题时，都留出时间让学生们在回答问题前先处理信息。
Just for people to think through that question.
让人们彻底地思考问题。
Thinking, pairing, and sharing: those three strategies will help the introverts to speak out.
思考，两两交流，共享观点，这三个方法可以帮助内向者大胆发言。
Dr Peter Aloka is talking about some very clever pairing there.
Peter Aloka博士讲述了一种很聪明的两两配合方法。
If you put two introverts together they might not say anything.
如果将两个内向者放在一起，他们可能不会说什么。
An extrovert is likely to talk, but won't intimidate – or overpower – their introvert partner as much as a large group would.
外向者会发言，但不会像在大的团体中一样咄咄逼人或压制他们内向的搭档。
So the idea is that with fewer people – in a small group or a pair
所以和较少的人在一起，在一个小团体，或两人一组，
– the introvert will have enough time and space to express their ideas.
内向者能有足够的时间和空间去表达他们的观点。
And because their ideas have been thought through, or carefully considered, their contribution is likely to be worth waiting for.
因为他们的想法经过深思熟虑，经过认真思考，他们的贡献值得等待。
So… Think. Pair. Share.
所以，思考，伙伴，分享。
Hmm. I like that. OK, so I think it's time to share the answer to today's quiz question.
嗯，我喜欢这个。我想是时候分享今天问题的答案了。
I asked: who first used the term extrovert?
我问：谁最先使用外向这个术语？
Was it…a) Sigmund Freud? b) Friedrich Nietzsche? Or c) Carl Jung?
a)西格蒙德·弗洛伊德？b) 弗里德里希·尼采？还是c)卡尔·荣格？
I said… Carl Jung.
我选的是卡尔·荣格。
And you were… right, Alice.
你答对了。
So thinking things through really works!
所以深思熟虑真的管用！
Introvert and extrovert are the two basic personality types according to the theories of the 20th-century Swiss psychiatrist Carl Jung.
根据20世纪瑞士精神病学家卡尔·荣格的理论，内向者和外向者是两种基本的性格类型。
According to these theories, an introvert is a person whose interest lies with their own feelings and thoughts,
根据那些理论，内向者的兴趣在于他们自身的感受和想法，
in contrast to an extrovert, whose interest lies with other people and the outside world.
相反对于外向者，他们的兴趣依赖于其他人和外界。
OK. Now, let's hear the words we learned today:
好了，现在我们听听今天学到的单词：
ambivert
中间性格者
reflective
沉思的
inner resources
内在的才力，精神财富
recharge their batteries
给自己充电
drained
筋疲力竭的
intimidate
威胁
thought through
彻底地想清楚
Well, that's the end of this edition of 6 Minute English.
今天的六分钟英语就到这里。
Join us again soon! Meanwhile, visit our website: bbclearningenglish.com,
我们下次再会！同时可以登录我们的网站bbclearningenglish.com，
where you'll find guides to grammar, exercises, videos and articles to read and improve your English.
查看更多语法、练习、视频和文章，提高自己的英文。
And we are on social media too.
我们也有社交媒体哦。
Make sure to visit our profiles on Facebook, Twitter, Instagram and YouTube.
可以在Facebook，推特，Instagram 和 YouTube上找到我们。
Goodbye!
再见。