《随堂练习与评价》(配江苏版)英语9A(江苏科学技术出版社 2011年8月第3次印刷)p75:　　　　

19. I want to know how long the shop has ___________.　　　　

A. closed B. been closed C. closing D. been closing 　　　　

P143: 19. B 倒闭多长时间用延续性动作，即“be closed”。　　　　

秦裕祥著《英语语法专题研究》(湖南师范大学出版社1999年5 月第1版)p22: ……根据这些语义特性，瞬间动词是绝对终止性动词，它们的动词一经开始即刻终止，通常条件下绝对不能延续。这类动词常见的有:..., close,...　　　　

从以上可以看出以上两书的编者都认为close 是非延续性动词。　　　　

然而，笔者认为：笼统的、不加分析地把close 全部当作非延续性动词是不科学的、也是不符合英语实际的。　　　　

请看《朗文当代高级英语辞典》(英英•英汉双解)(第4版电子版)上close作延续性动词的一种用法：3. SHUT FOR A PERIOD OF TIME 关闭一段时间 [I,T] also 又作close up if a shop or building closes, or you close it, it stops being open to the public for a period time [暂时性] 关闭，歇业　　　　

从以上对close的解释“SHUT FOR A PERIOD OF TIME 关闭一段时间”可知，此时的close确实是延续性动词，并且既可以作及物动词，也可以作不及物动词。　　　　

再请看英美国家中close作延续性动词的真实例证：　　　　

1. BUY-BNC BRTISH NATIONAL CORPUS (UK,1980s-1993) (Mark Davies, Brigham Young University ) http://corpus.byu.edu/bnc/：　　　　

More than 16,000 mining jobs have been lost since last October when British Coal unveiled its pit-closure programme, leaving a workforce of just 24,000. Nineteen collieries have closed since then, despite Government intervention. 　　　　

2.The CORPUS OF CONTEMPORAY AMERICAN ENGLISH (1990-2011) (Mark Davies, Brigham Young University) http://www.americancorpus.org/：　　

1990 Sleep-away berths for poorer minority youths have become scarcer. More than 2,500 camps -- about 　1 in　 5 -- have closed since the mid-' 70s; those of nonprofit agencies have been especially hard hit.　　　　

2001 "It was such a great way to relieve stress, " said one skater, who, fearing " the madness of the past week, " declined to give his name. " But passing the rescue workers outside, I was thinking maybe Chelsea Piers should have closed for a few days."　　　　

2001 The violence also has taken an economic toll. At least 25 Israeli hotels have closed since September.　　　　

2005 The ski industry has struggled over the past two decades as baby boomers turned to less demanding vacations such as cruising. More than 200 U.S. resorts have closed since 1985.　　　　

2005 Nationwide, according to data compiled by the federal government and Modern Healthcare magazine, more than 560 hospitals have closed since 1990-clobbered by stagnant reimbursement rates from government and the insurance industry, rising malpractice rates, skyrocketing prices for drugs and medical equipment, and increasing numbers of uninsured patients who can't pay their bills.　　　　

2006 The tab is growing. 　　California　　 spends half a billion dollars a year on illegal alien healthcare, only 11 percent is reimbursed by the federal government. Forty-four of California hospitals have closed since 2000.　　　　

2007 The Mixed Picture Around the world, the nuclear picture is mixed. 2007 Six U.S. reactors have closed since 1996, and seven in Canada are unlikely to operate again.　　　　

2009 The current global economic situation has depressed prices and challenged the rapid growth of galleries, says Mr. Ross. " Half of the 300 galleries in 　　Beijing　　's 798 area the main gallery district have closed since June, although some may reopen for the summer tourist season, " he says　　

从以上可以看出close完全可以作延续性动词。　　　　

最后，让我们再来看篇首的试题，从试题所处的语境，很难推断出close作“倒闭”的意思。　　

根据Oxford Advanced Learner’s Dictionary (8th edition 电子版)： 　　

3 [ transitive, often passive, intransitive ] to make the work of a shop/store, etc. stop for a period of time; to not be open for people to use 　　　　

4 [ transitive, intransitive ] ~ (sth) ( also ˌclose ˈdown, ˌclose sth ˈdown ) 　　　　

if a company, shop/store, etc. closes, or if you close it, it stops operating as a business 　　　　

可知：close 和shop的习惯性搭配是close作“关闭”解，无论是暂时性“关闭”，还是永久性“关闭”。　　　　

因此，选择项A，即closed可以作为正确的答案；而所给的答案B，即been closed可以有两种理解方式：一是close作及物动词，并且作延续性动词，可以理解成被动语态；二是close非延续性动词，be closed为系表结构，表示状态，可以延续。　　

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