历年(最近15年200余套)高考英语语法题详解(2010四川卷)

 

1. ―Here’s your change.

________. (2010四川卷)

A. Thank you      B. Don’t mention it C. No problem   D. With pleasure

【答案】A

【考点】考查交际口语的用法。

【解析】Here’s your change的意思是这是找给你的零钱。比较所给的四个选项:A的意思是谢谢B的意思是不用谢”“不客气C的意思是没问题D的意思是很乐意”“很高兴。显然只能A符合对话语境。又如:

2. In ________ most countries, a university degree can give you ________ flying start in life. (2010四川卷)

A. the; a                B. the; 不填          C. 不填; 不填       D. 不填; a

【答案】D

【考点】考查冠词的用法。

【解析】第一空不填冠词,因为most countries这一复数名词在此是泛指的;第二空要填不定冠词,因为flying start在此也是泛指的,但由于flying start为单数,故其前要用不定冠词。a flying start的本意是飞跃式的开端,也就是顺利的开端”“成功的开始。全句可译为:在大多数国家,拥有大学文凭可以让一个人的事业有个顺利的开端。

3. ________ I take the book out?

―I’m afraid not. (2010四川卷)

A. Will                   B. May                   C. Must                  D. Need

【答案】B

【考点】考查情态动词的用法。

【解析】句子结构非常简单,意思也不难理解,所以做此题可用代入法,即将四个选项分别代入句中,选出语境最通顺者即为最佳答案。又如:May I have the check, please? 请把账单开给我好吗?

4. A great number of students ________ said they were forced to practise the piano. (2010四川卷)

A. to question      B. to be questioned C. questioned  D. questioning

【答案】C

【考点】考查非谓语动词的用法。

【解析】由于studentsquestion(提问,询问)之间为被动关系,故可将答案锁定在表示被动意义的BC之间;再根据空格后said they were forced to practise the piano(说他们是被迫练习钢琴)可知,提问已经发生,而不是将要发生,所以要选表示完成意义的过去分词,而不能选表示将来意义的不定式。

5. Tired, Jim was fast asleep with his back ________ a big tree. (2010四川卷)

A. in                      B. below                C. beside               D. against

【答案】D

【考点】考查介词的用法。

【解析】比较四个选项,只有D符合句子语境,其余三项均不合情理:with his back in a big tree的意思是背在大树里面with his back below a big tree的意思是背在大树下面with his back beside a big tree的意思是背在大树旁边with his back against a big tree的意思是背靠着大树。显然这四个搭配中只有DJim was fast asleep(吉姆睡得很熟)这一语境相吻合。

6. Some people eat with their eyes. They prefer to order what ________ nice. (2010四川卷)

A. looks                B. smells               C. feels                  D. tastes

【答案】A

【考点】考查连系动词的用法。

【解析】做好此题的关键信息是句中的eat with their eyes(用眼睛吃东西),其言外之意就是比较注重食物的看相。在四个选项中,显然look是最合适的。全句意为:有些人用眼睛吃东西,他们喜欢点看起来好看的菜。

7. On my desk is a photo that my father took of ________ when I was a baby. (2010四川卷)

A. him                   B. his                    C. me                     D. mine

【答案】C

【考点】考查代词的用法。

【解析】take a photo of sb的意思是给某人照相,句中的that my father took of me是修饰名词a photo的定语从句。句意为:桌上放着一张我小时候我父亲给我照的一张照片。

8. Jenny was looking for a seat when, luckily, a man ________ and left. (2010四川卷)

A. took up             B. got up               C. shut up             D. set up

【答案】B

【考点】考查短语动词的用法。

【解析】对于考查特定语境中词语用法的考题,最好的方法是代入翻译法,即将四个选项分别代入句中再翻译原句,哪个选项使原句最通顺,哪个选项就是最佳答案。四个选项的意思分别为:take up意为开始从事get up意为起身”“起床shut up意为住口”“闭嘴set up意为建立”“创立。显然只有B最符合句子语境。又如:When I fell down, a passer-by helped me to get up. 我跌倒之后,一位过路人把我扶了起来。

9. We laugh at jokes, but seldom ________ about how they work. (2010四川卷)

A. we think           B. think we           C. we do think      D. do we think

【答案】D

【考点】考查倒装句的用法。

【解析】根据英语语法,当seldom, never等表示否定意义的副词置于句时,其后习惯上要用部分倒装的语序。又如:Seldom has there been such a happy meeting. 过去很少有过这样愉快的会议。

10. After graduating from college, I took some time off to go traveling, ________ turned out to be a wise decision. (2010四川卷)

A. that                   B. which                C. when                D. where

【答案】B(http://ask.yygrammar.com/)

【考点】考查定语从句的用法。

【解析】此题可用排除法做。由于CD为关系副词,它们不能用作语,故可排除;而在AB当中,that不用于引导非限制性定语从句,故也被排除。

 


11. In many people’s opinion, that company, though relatively small, is pleasant ________. (2010四川卷)

A. to deal with     B. dealing with     C. to be dealt with   D. dealt with

【答案】A

【考点】考查非谓语动词的用法。

【解析】英语中的easy, hard, difficult, pleasant等形容词,当以具体的人或事物作主语时,其后接的不定式虽然与句子主语具有动宾关系(或被动关系),但其中的不定式习惯上要用主动形式,不用被动形式。又如:This wine is pleasant to drink. 这种葡萄酒很好喝。He’s very easy to get on with. 他容易相处。This question is difficult to answer. 这个问题难以回答。

12. The school was moved out of downtown as the number of students had grown too ________. (2010四川卷)

A. small                B. few                    C. 1arge                D. many

【答案】C

【考点】考查形容词的用法与搭配的用法。

【解析】表示数量的多与少,我们习惯上用largesmall来修饰number,不用manyfew;故可排除BD;再根据句意和常识可知,既然学校要从市中心搬出去,说明学校的人数是太多而不是太少。故选C,不选A

13. I’m sorry. That wasn’t of much help.

Oh, ________. As a matter of fact, it was most helpful. (2010四川卷)

A. sure it was       B. it doesn’t matter C. of course not    D. thanks anyway

【答案】A

【考点】考查交际口语的用法。

【解析】选项A的意思是当然有(帮助),选项B的意思是没关系,选项C的意思是当然没有(帮助),选项D的意思是不管怎样还是要谢谢你。结合句中的As a matter of fact, it was most helpful(事实上,这是最有帮助的)可知,选A最合适。

14. How much one enjoys himself travelling depends largely on ________ he goes with, whether his friends or relatives. (2010四川卷)

A. what                 B. who                   C. how                   D. why

【答案】B

【考点】考查名词从句的用法。

【解析】根据句中的whether his friends or relatives(无论是朋友还是亲属)可知,空格处应填一个表示的代词,而在四个选项中,显然只有who才是合适的。全句意为:一个人去旅行的愉悦程度在很大程度上取决于他与谁一起去,无论是朋友还是亲属。

15. Such poets as Shakespeare ________ widely read, of whose works, however, some ________ difficult to understand. (2010四川卷)

A. are; are            B. is; is                  C. are; is                D. is; are

【答案】A

【考点】考查主谓一致的用法。

【解析】用作主语的such poets as Shakespeare意思是像莎士比亚这样的诗人,其中真正的主语是such poetsas Shakespeare只是举的一个例子),故其后谓语要用复数;对于第二空而言,some指的是works(作品)中的一些,故也是复数意义,所以第二空也用复数。

16. When shall we restart our business?

Not until we ________ our plan. (2010四川卷)

A. will finish         B. are finishing    C. are to finish     D. have finished

【答案】D

【考点】考查动词时态的用法。

【解析】由于until引导的是时间状语从句,所以不能直接使用将来时态,由此可排除A;再根据句意和常识可知,人们通常是先制定计划,然后付诸实施,故空格处填现在完成时比较符合句子语境。

17. The lawyer listened with full attention, ________ to miss any point. (2010四川卷)

A. not trying         B. trying not          C. to try not           D. not to try

【答案】B

【考点】考查非谓语动词否定式的用法。

【解析】根据句意可知,空格处应填一个表伴随的动作,故要用现在分词,而不是用不定式,故可排除CD;对于AB而言,从表面上看,好像要选A,因为现在分词否定式的构成方法是将否定词not置于现在分词之前。但事实上,此题的答案是B不是A,因为选A的话,前面意思不通。not trying to miss any point的意思是不设法错过任何要点trying not to miss any point的意思是设法不要错过任何要点,显然选B才最符合句子语境。

18. You’ve failed to do what you ________ to and I’m afraid the teacher will blame you. (2010四川卷)

A. will expect       B. will be expected  C. expected          D. were expected

【答案】D

【考点】考查动词时态的用法。

【解析】此题考查expect sb to do sth(期待某人做某事)。由于句中的youexpect为被动关系,故应用被动语态,故可排除AC;再根据句子的语境和句子本身的时态可知,空格处不能用一般将来时――因为在通常情况下,没有做将来要做的事不是会受惩罚的,只有没有做过去安排好要做的事才会受惩罚。

19. If you have a job, ________ yourself to it and finally you’ll succeed. (2010四川卷)

A. do devote        B. don’t devote     C. devoting           D. not devoting

【答案】A

【考点】考查用do表强调的用法。

【解析】根据句首的条件状语从句If you have a job(如果你有一份工作的话)可知,空格后面实质上是句子的主句,所以不能填CD这样的非谓语动词(否则主句便没有谓语);另外从句意上看,don’t devote…与其后you’ll succeed(你会成功)相矛盾,故也可排除。在do devote…中,do起强调作用,用于加强语气,意为务必。又如:Do come to the party tonight. 请今晚一定来参加晚会。

20. Because of the heavy traffic, it was already time for lunch break ________ she got to her office. (2010四川卷)

A. since                B. that                    C. when                D. until

【答案】C(http://www.yygrammar.com/)

【考点】考查状语从句的用法。

【解析】将四个选项分别代入句中,只有C最合适。句意为:由于交通拥挤,当她到达办公室时,已经是吃中饭休息的时候了。