预期寿命
Life expectancy
Hello and welcome to 6 Minute English
大家好，欢迎收听六分钟英语,
– the show that brings you an interesting topic, authentic listening practice and vocabulary to help you improve your language skills.
该节目会奉上有趣的话题，纯正的听力练习和单词，帮助你提高语言技能。
I'm Dan…
我是丹。
And I'm Catherine.
我是凯瑟琳。
In this programme we'll be discussing life expectancy, as well as teaching you 6 new items of vocabulary, of course…
在今天的节目中我们将讨论预期寿命，同时教你六个新单词。
ZZZZzzzzzzz...
呼呼……
Dan? Dan! We're doing a show, Dan. Wake up!
丹？丹！我们在做节目呢，丹。醒醒！
Sorry. Sorry, Catherine. Sorry, everybody.
不好意思，对不起，凯瑟琳。对不起，大家！
I was at a party last night and I didn't get much sleep.
我昨晚参加了一个聚会，没睡够。
Another party, Dan?
又一个聚会？
Yeah.
是的。
That's the third this week!
这已经是本周你参加的第三个聚会了！
You look dead on your feet, which is an expression meaning extremely tired.
你看上去都累死了， look dead on your feet是指极度劳累。
Ah well. Live fast, die young. That's my motto.
人生苦短，及时行乐，哪怕英年早逝。这是我的座右铭。
A motto is a short phrase which reflects the beliefs of an organisation or person.
座右铭是指能反映一个组织或个人信仰的短句。
And it's interesting that you mention dying young, Dan, because our topic this show is life expectancy.
很有意思，你提到了英年早逝，因为我们今天节目的主题就是预期寿命。
Life expectancy is how many years a person is likely to live.
预期寿命是指一个人可能活多少年。
I suppose you have a question about it too?
我猜你有一个与此相关的问题吧？
Funny you should say that, Dan.
你说得很有意思。
By the year 2030, will the USA's life expectancy be a) in the top third b) the middle third or c) the bottom third compared to the rest of the world?
截止到2030年，与世界其他国家相比，美国人的预期寿命将达到a) 前三分之一， b) 中间位置， 还是 c) 后三分之一？
The USA is quite a rich country, so I'm going to say a) the top one third.
美国是一个很富有的国家，所以我选a) 前三分之一。
And we'll find out later in the show if you're right or not.
之后我们再看你回答得是否正确。
Now, Dan, life expectancy, so which country do you think has the current highest life expectancy?
丹，关于预期寿命，你觉得如今哪个国家拥有最长的预期寿命。
Everybody knows that's Japan, come on!
所有人都知道是日本好吗！
Aha, yes, but new analysis by the World Health Organization and Imperial College London predicts that it won't always be so.
没错，但世界卫生组织和伦敦帝国理工学院预测说未来不会如此。
Now, they analysed 35 industrialised countries and found that by the year 2030 South Korea will be the leaders
他们分析了35个工业化国家，发现到2030年，韩国会成为预期寿命最长的国家。
– with an average life expectancy of a whopping 90 years!
平均预期寿命将达到长寿的90岁！
Wow. How did they do that?
哇！他们是怎么做到的呢？
Well, let's find out by listening to Professor Majid Ezzati, Chair in Global Environmental Health at Imperial College London.
我们听听伦敦帝国理工学院全球环境健康的主席马吉德·依扎提的描述，从中找到答案。
It seems to be actually dealing with diet better than other places,
韩国的膳食计划比其他地方好，
being very good at taking up new medical knowledge technology and using it and,
非常善于开发新的医学知识技术，并且进行应用，
perhaps most importantly, doing this in a relatively equitable way compared to western countries.
而且，最重要的是，与西方国家相比，韩国社会相对平等。
So, basically, good diet, using new medical technology and knowledge, and being more equitable – or fair and impartial – in society.
所以，基本上是因为良好的膳食计划，应用新的医学技术和只是，社会更加平等，或者说公平，不偏不倚。
So how did the UK do?
英国做得怎么样呢？
Well, not too well actually.
事实上，不是很好。
We were thoroughly beaten by our closest neighbour, France.
我们完全被我们最近的邻居法国打败了。
What!? How comes!?
什么？怎么会？
I'll let Professor Majid Ezzati explain that too.
接下来让马吉德教授继续解释一下。
So France has had some of the lowest obesity rates among western countries, French women especially.
在西方国家中，法国拥有最低的肥胖率，尤其是法国女性当中。
UK has had some of the highest ones.
英国是肥胖率最高的国家之一。
And alcohol in France, at least until now, has been consumed…
酒精在法国，至少现在，在被饮用时，
it’s much more healthy patterns, and in the UK there has been a lot more binge drinking.
有很多健康的方式，在英国，更多的是酗酒。
So, France has low obesity, which is a state of being very overweight, compared to the UK's high obesity.
所以相比英国的高肥胖率，法国的肥胖率很低，肥胖率是指体重过重的状态。
And France drinks alcohol much more moderately than the UK, which tends to binge.
法国饮酒的方式比英国更节制，英国人倾向暴饮暴食。
Binging is when you consume a large amount of something in a short time - especially food or alcohol.
暴饮暴食是指你在短时间内吃掉或喝掉大量的东西，尤其是指食物或酒精。
So, confession time, Dan! How many drinks did you have last night?
所以，丹，现在是你的忏悔时间。你昨晚喝了多少酒？
It was only orange juice, I swear! So, come on.
只喝了橙汁，我发誓！好了，说别的吧。
Did I get the question right?
我今天的问题答对了吗？
You asked me by the year 2030,
你问我，截止到2030年，
will the USA's life expectancy be a) in the top one-third b) the middle one-third or c) the bottom third compared to the rest of the world?
与世界其他国家相比，美国人的预期寿命将达到a) 前三分之一， b) 中间位置， 还是 c) 后三分之一？
And I said the USA's quite a rich country, so it's probably a) in the top one-third.
我说美国是一个很富有的国家，所以可能是a) 前三分之一。
Sorry Dan. Nice logic, but actually the USA is one of the least equitable places in the world.
不好意思，丹。不错的逻辑，但事实上，美国是世界上最不平等的国家之一。
So their life expectancy suffers, and the answer was actually c) the bottom third.
所以他们的预期寿命，也就是正确答案是c) 后三分之一。
Oh, well. Next week, maybe.
好吧，也许下周我就答对了。
Now, let's take a look at the vocabulary from this programme.
现在我们看看今天的单词。
First we had dead on your feet.
第一个词是dead on your feet。
This is an informal expression which means extremely tired.
这是一个非正式表达，指极度劳累。
Another way to say the same thing would be shattered.
另一种说法是shattered（极度疲劳的）。
When was a last time when you were dead on your feet, Catherine?
你什么时候感到极度疲惫呢？
I built some garden furniture quite recently, and it took me all day, and I was dead on my feet when I finished.
我最近做了一些园艺家具，花了我整天的时间，当我完成的时候，我真的累死了。
Now, we had motto.
下一个，我们提到了座右铭。
Now, a motto is a short phrase which reflects the beliefs of an organisation or person.
座右铭是指能反映一个组织或个人信仰的短句。
So, Dan, what's your personal motto?
丹，你的座右铭是什么？
Take the path of least resistance. What about you?
选择阻力最小的路。你的座右铭是什么呢？
Less is more.
少即是多。
Ah! Good one. Then we had life expectancy.
不错！接下来我们谈到了预期寿命。
Life expectancy is how many years a person is likely to live.
预期寿命是指一个人可能活多少年。
What do you think's a good life expectancy for a person?
你觉得一个人最好的预期寿命是多长？
I'm hoping to get to about 85 and then I’d like a, sort of, quick exit because I think it's probably not much fun after that.
我喜欢能达到85岁，然后我就有点想离开了，因为我觉得之后也没有什么乐趣了。
Then we had equitable.
接着我们谈到了平等的。
Equitable means being fair or impartial and it comes from the word equal.
平等的是指公平的，不偏不倚的，来自于equal（平等）一词。
So, Dan, personal question. Would you say that your marriage is equitable?
丹，问一个个人问题。你觉得你的婚姻是平等的吗？
I'd like to think so, yes.
我觉得可以这么说。
I do the cooking, my wife does the cleaning, and we share the other jobs.
我做饭，我妻子洗碗，我们一起做其他的家务。
We'll have to get Mrs. Dan in to give her opinion.
我们还得听听你夫人是什么说法。
After that we heard obesity.
之后我们提到了肥胖。
Obesity describes a state of being very overweight.
肥胖是指体重过重的状态。
It's a medical term and is often used in connection with health problems.
这是一个医学用语，通常与健康问题联系起来。
The report said that the UK has an obesity problem, Catherine.
报道称英国有肥胖问题。
How do you think we can solve it?
你觉得我们该如何解决呢？
I think we need a sugar tax and everybody should walk to work.
我觉得我们需要征收糖税，每个人都应该走路上班。
Finally we had binge.
最后我们提到了暴饮暴食。
To binge is to consume a large amount of something in a short space of time, especially something that you don't usually have.
暴饮暴食是指你在短时间内吃掉或喝掉大量的东西，尤其是你不经常食用的东西。
And these days we hear a lot about binge drinking, binge eating and binge watching.
最近我们听到很多关于酗酒，暴食，疯狂刷剧的事。
So, Dan, when did you last binge watch a series on TV?
丹，你上次刷剧是什么时候的事？
Oh, it's Game of Thrones, isn't it?
是看权力的游戏。
Series one, series two, series three. Back to back.
第一季、第二季、第三季。连续看。
Back to back binging. Brilliant.
连续刷剧。厉害！
Well, that's the end of today's 6 Minute English.
今天的六分钟英语就到这里。
Please join us again soon!
我们下期再会！
And we are on social media too, so make sure you visit us on Twitter, Facebook, Instagram and YouTube.
我们也有社交媒体，记得访问我们的Twitter, Facebook, Instagram 和 YouTube。
Bye!
再见！