禁烟令
Smokers to face one more ban
Hello, I'm Neil. Welcome to 6 Minute English. With me in the studio today is Rob.
大家好，欢迎收听六分钟英语节目。我是主播Neil，今天嘉宾是Rob。
Hello, Neil.
你好，Neil。
Traditionally, January is the month in which people try to make their New Year's resolutions work.
一般来讲，人们会在一月实施自己的新年计划。
Some want to get fit, others swear they will drink less alcohol and there are those who want to stop smoking.
有些人想瘦下来，有些人发誓戒酒或者戒烟。
Many people might wish to stop smoking here in England because, according to a plan,
英国现在很多人想要戒烟，是因为
smoking in cars with children will be banned under new laws put forward by the government.
根据政府颁布的一项政策将禁止在有小孩的车内吸烟。
And a similar move is being discussed in Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland.
威尔士、苏格兰和北爱尔兰也有意向这样。
Today we're talking about this new proposal restricting where people are allowed to smoke.
今天我们就来讨论这项限制吸烟场所的提案，
And you'll learn some related vocabulary so you can have your own discussion on the subject.
并且介绍一些相关的描述词语。
We usually talk about smoking as a habit – that's what we do every day without even thinking and it's difficult to give up.
我们通常说吸烟是一种习惯，常常自然而然的做却很难改变。
Well, this ban is going to cause controversy, in other words, disagreement expressed in an angry, public way.
这项禁令将会引起争议，或者说，反对意见者表达会大声且热烈地抗议。
Yes, smokers are trying hard to carry on enjoying their cigarettes.
是啊，烟民都尽力维护继续吸烟的自由。
But there are a couple of places where they've already lost the battle, Rob.
但是在某几个地方，他们已经丧失了吸烟的权利。
And where's that?
在哪些地方呢？
I'm giving you a chance to tell me.
给你个机会猜猜看。
Bans on smoking in cars where children are present already exist in some regions of particular countries. Is it:
在某些国家和地区，已经禁止在有小孩的车内吸烟，是哪里呢？选项有：
a) in the French capital, Paris
a) 法国首都巴黎
b) in some US states
b）美国一些地区
c) in Greece
c) 希腊
I don't know but I'm gonna go for b) in some US states.
不知道，蒙一个B.
OK. Well, we'll have the answer to that question at the end of the programme.
好的，答案将在本期节目后面揭晓。
Now let's hear the argument in favour of a ban. Here's Dr Hilary Wareing.
来听听支持禁令的人怎么说，比如博士Hilary Wareing。
She is the director of the Tobacco Control Collaborating Centre, which works with the World Health Organisation.
她是世界卫生组织的烟草控制协作中心的主任。
The World Health Organisation is campaigning to discourage people from smoking.
世界卫生组织正在呼吁人们戒烟，
Campaigning means working in an organised and active way to achieve an objective.
Campaigning指的是通过有组织的积极方式来达到某个目标，
Listen out for what Dr Wareing calls the smoke from other people's cigarettes.
来听听Wareing博士怎么说。
【Dr Hilary Wareing, Tobacco Control Collaborating Centre in Britain】
【Wareing博士，英国烟草控制协作中心】
Those children who are exposed to second-hand smoke in cars are more likely to end up going to their doctors with respiratory infections,
在车内吸二手烟的孩子很容易患上呼吸道疾病，
more likely to end up going to hospital with a respiratory infection and much more likely to get a wheeze or actually have asthma through their childhood.
很可能会导致呼吸道感染住院，更有许多孩子会气喘甚至得哮喘病。
So Dr Wareing calls smoke from other people's cigarette second-hand smoke.
Wareing博士说来自其他人的烟气是二手烟，
Second-hand is something which has had a previous owner.
Second-hand意味着之前已经有一位主人。
And she also mentions?asthma.
她还提到了，哮喘。
This is an illness you hear a lot about when people discuss the effects of tobacco smoke and pollution on people's lungs.
这个词常常在讨论烟草污染及造成的肺部疾病时出现，
People with asthma sometimes find it difficult to breathe. You faced this problem as a child, didn't you, Rob?
患有哮喘的人常常呼吸困难。Rob，你小时候也有过这个病，对不对？
Asthma? No, but when I was a kid my brother, who was much older than me, used to smoke in the car.
哮喘？不是我，是我小时候一个兄弟，他经常在车内吸烟。
Now, the smell was terrible, the smoke bothered me a lot and even if I don't have asthma now, I just don't like breathing in smoke.
恩，车内吸烟的气味很可怕，即使我现在没有哮喘，我也不想在车内吸二手烟。
If people want to smoke, it's their personal choice, but not near me.
你想要抽烟随便你，只要不在我周围就好。
The proposal under discussion here in England includes a fine of up to ?50 – that's about $80 –
英国这项提议里出现了罚款，最高50英镑，大概是80美元。
imposed on the driver of the car if there's somebody smoking when there's a child passenger.
就是当车内有小孩时，若是有人吸烟，司机将会面临罚款。
A fine is the money you pay as a punishment for having broken the law.
Fine指的是犯错后的罚款。
And the driver is responsible, even if he is not the person smoking in the car. This will really cause some conflict.
司机是责任方，哪怕他本人并不是车内吸烟的当事人，这个提案很容易有纠纷啊。
It probably will. But it's difficult to find anyone who doesn't defend a child's right to be healthy.
确实有，不过为了孩子的健康，大部分人都不会反对吧。
Children are vulnerable – vulnerable means they are exposed to harm and can't defend themselves.
孩子们很脆弱，vulnerable意思是很容易受到伤害且难以自保。
We have to protect them. But many smokers see this proposal with suspicion.
我们必须保护他们。但许多烟民对这项提案表示质疑。
Yes, in the last few years, smokers have seen restrictions in their ability to smoke.
是的，在过去几年里，烟民发现了种种吸烟限制。
In many countries they aren't allowed to smoke in closed public places like bars anymore.
在很多国家，封闭场所例如酒吧之类的已经禁烟了。
And cigarette packages show disturbing pictures of diseased lungs.
很多香烟上印着吓人的吸烟者肺部图像。
Smoking doesn't look so cool anymore. One of the smokers suspicious of the new ban is Hayley.
吸烟不像看起来那么酷了。来听听质疑禁烟令的烟民Hayley怎么说。
This British driver said she doesn't smoke when her children are on board. But that's as far as she goes in agreeing with the ban.
这位英国司机说，当孩子在车上时她从不吸烟，但这就是她能接受的底线了。
What objection – I mean what reason for disagreeing – is she raising?
那她反对什么？
Listen out for the two words Hayley uses when talking about the physical area surrounding her which she feels is very personal.
仔细听，Hayley怎么形容她的私人空间的。
【Hayley, a smoker】
【烟民，Hayley】
If they are going to stop it with people in the cars with their children I completely agree with that.
如果禁令是打算阻止带孩子的烟民，我完全同意，
I completely understand where they are coming from,
我知道他们的意思，
but to take it to the next level of stopping it even if you haven't got children in the car then I think that's a little bit beyond people's personal space, really.
但是如果说没有孩子车内也禁止吸烟，我觉得这侵占了我的个人空间。
Hayley talks about her personal space – it means the area around her body which she feels is hers and if invaded makes her feel uncomfortable.
Hayley提到了个人空间，意思是不想遭受他人打扰的私人领域。
In this case, Hayley feels that her car is her personal space and she should be able to choose if she wants to smoke in it.
这里，Hayley认为车内是她的私人空间，她可以有吸烟的自由。
Well, it seems that enforcing this ban will be a bit of a challenge for the authorities.
好的，看起来这项禁令算是政府的一项挑战任务了。
There's a ban on smoking inside buses but I tell you, sometimes I can smell smoke from somewhere.
有一项禁令禁止公交车上吸烟，但是有时候我仍然会闻到烟味。
They breach the law at their own peril. But other places have managed to implement the ban on smoking in cars with child passengers.
触犯了法律只能自己承担自认了，但是有些地方却实现了有孩童时车内禁烟令。
So what's the answer to the question you put earlier in the programme, Neil?
还记得节目一开始的问题么？
Where are people not allowed by law to smoke in private cars with children on board: is it Paris, some US states or Greece?
哪里已经出台了法规禁止有孩童时车内吸烟呢？巴黎、美国一些地方还是希腊？
Well, I said some US states.
我猜的是美国一些地方。
And you were correct!
猜对啦。
Oh good.
哈哈。
Well, the proposal here in England has yet to be voted for in Parliament and it might be implemented only by October.
这项禁令在英国还处于议会投票阶段，真正实施可能要到10月了。
So plenty of time there for a good debate.
很长时间呢，支持者和反对者可以好好讨论。
Yes but two people who can't continue the discussion, at least for the moment, are both of us.
恩，但是有两人不能继续讨论了，就是咱俩。
That's because we've run out of time, Rob. Let's just remember some of the words used today.
这期节目快超时了，来回忆一下今天学习的词语吧。
habit
习惯。
controversy
争议。
campaigning
宣传活动。
second-hand smoke
二手烟。
asthma
哮喘。
fine
罚款。
vulnerable
脆弱的。
personal space
个人空间。
That's it for today. Do log on to www.bbclearningenglish.com to find more 6 Minute English programmes. Until next time. Goodbye!
今天节目就到这里，我们下期再会。
Bye!
再见。