青年失业危机
Youth unemployment crisis
Hello and welcome to 6 Minute English.
欢迎收听BBC六分钟英语栏目。
I'm Rob and with me today is Natalie.
我是罗伯，今天来到节目的还有娜塔莉。
Hi Rob.
你好，我是罗伯。
Today we are going to talk about a big challenge that young people are facing.
今天我们要谈的是一个年轻人正面临着的很大的挑战。
This is the lack of jobs.
便是缺乏工作机会。
This week the International Labour Organisation (or ILO, as it's known) has said that youth unemployment around the world remains at a crisis level!
本周，国际劳工组织(即ILO)表示，世界各地的青年失业率仍处于危机水平！
Crisis is a strong word!
危机是一个强烈的词汇！
It is and it's not used lightly.
是的，轻易不会用到这个词汇。
The report looked at young people between the ages of 15 and 24 and found out that around 75 million of them are out of work!
该报告着眼于15到24岁的年轻人，并发现有7500万这类年轻人没有工作！
That's really sad news.
这真是个令人伤心的消息。
But the economy hasn't been helping much.
但该经济并未受到太多帮助。
That's right and we are going to talk about in just a moment but let's start with our usual quiz question.
没错，我们等会继续谈论这个话题，但我们首先做一个小测验吧。
So are you ready Natalie?
准备好了吗，娜塔莉？
Which one of these unusual jobs is NOT a real one?
以下哪个不寻常的工作不是真的？
a) A vibration consultant.
a)振动顾问
b) A trifle analyst.
b）蛋糕分析师
c) A raven master.
c）乌鸦主人
It must be a) a vibration consultant.
肯定是a)震动顾问。
What would this person do, check if a party had a good "vibe", a good atmosphere?
震动顾问会怎样做呢，检查一个聚会是否有个好气氛？
Maybe but then again maybe not.
或许不过也许不是。
Well I'm keen to know but I'll have to wait until the end of the programme.
我很想知道答案，但我们要等到节目结束才能揭晓答案。
You will. Right.
你会的。好了。
Now, let's get back to the hard realities of being young and looking for a job.
现在让我们回到做一名年轻人和找工作的困难现实的话题吧。
In the report by BBC's Imogen Foulkes, the reporter uses a phrase that describes a depressing situation.
在BBC记者Imogen Foulkes的报告中用到了一个描述令人沮丧的状况的短语。
The ILO’s report paints a bleak picture of young people losing hope and becoming increasingly detached from the world of work.
国际劳工组织的报告描绘了一幅年轻人失去希望和越来越远离工作世界的黯淡景象。
Almost 75 million people between the ages of 15 and 24 are unemployed worldwide, and the ILO’s new report predicts no improvement before 2016 at the earliest.
世界上有近7500万年龄介于15岁到25岁的年轻人没有工作，国际劳工组织新报告预测至少在2016年之前不会有改善。
She said that the report paints a bleak picture – bleak often describes an area that is cold, empty and miserable.
她说，该报告描绘了一幅黯淡景象，bleak通常用来描述冰冷、空旷、悲惨的区域。
The economic crisis is really causing a lot of long-term problems.
经济危机真的引发了大量长期问题。
Young people simply aren't seeing any new job opportunities and the forecast is not good.
年轻人根本就不会看到任何新的工作机会而且前景不佳。
The forecast, the things experts predict about trends in the future.
forecast是指事情在未来预测发展方向。
Let's hear what the International Labour Organisation chief economist thinks about the situation.
让我们听听国际劳工组织首席经济学家的观点吧。
What do you think the word entrenched might mean?
你认为单词entrenched的意思是什么？
For young people in particular, says the ILO’s chief economist Ekkehard Ernst, these years without work will be damaging: "We have lost the jobs and they are not coming back.
国际劳工组织首席经济学家埃克哈德?恩斯特表示，尤其是对年轻人而言，这些年没有工作的状况是破坏性的：“我们已经失去工作，它们不会再回来了。
Ourforecast shows that we are not getting these jobs over the next four or five years.
我们的预测表明，未来4到5年我们并不得获得这些工作。
So this means that this crisis really becomes entrenched on the labour market, and that means that we also see these young people losing their skills."
所以这意味着这场危机在劳动力市场上真的变得根深蒂固，这就意味着我们还看到这些年轻人失去了他们的技能。”
So the forecast is that there will be not enough jobs over the next four or five years…
所以预测是未来4、5年将没有足够的工作岗位...
And the crisis is becoming entrenched on the labour market that means that it is to be fixed or rooted in the same position – the position of lack of work for young people.
而且危机在劳动力市场正变得根深蒂固，这意味着它固定在或扎根于同样的位置——缺乏年轻人工作的位置。
In the next part of the report, listen to the word used to describe being left to one side – a position that many people might find themselves in:
在接下来的报告中，听听用来描述被留在另一方意思的词汇——这是一个很多人可能会发现自己所在的位置：
The ILO already has evidence that many young people are simply dropping out.
国际劳工组织已经有证据表明，许多年轻人只是辍学。
Neither in work, nor in education, they've no skills and are becoming increasingly marginalised.
无论是在工作上，还是在教育中，他们已经没有能力，而且越来越被边缘化。
Others are growing bitter that the years spent in higher education have brought no career.
其他人则越来越痛苦，由于这些年花费在高等教育上的资金并没有带来职业。
Instead, the ILO says, many young graduates are being forced to take part time unskilled jobs.
相反，国际劳工组织表示许多年轻毕业生被迫花参与非技术性工作。
So they are dropping out.
所以他们辍学了。
They are not doing anything.
他们不做任何事情。
They are excluded from the jobs market or from education.
他们被从就业市场或教育方面排除。
They are not learning new things and that's how they end up more and more marginalised.
他们并不学习新的事物，这也是为何他们最终越来越被边缘化。
To be marginalised is to be left to one side and forgotten about.
被边缘化的意思是被留在另一边或遗忘。
Well, faced with no choice, many young people have to accept part-time jobs, or jobs that are low-skilled.
面对别无选择，许多年轻人不得不接受兼职工作或者是低技能的工作。
Some people call these temporary jobs – to work on a temporary job is sometimes called temping.
有些人把这些称为临时工作——在一个临时地方工作有时被称为临时雇员。
The ILO is urging governments to make job creation a priority.
国际劳工组织敦促各国政府优先考虑提供就业机会。
They also suggest offering tax breaks to companies who employ young people and programmes of work that encourage training and learning – these are sometimes called apprenticeships.
他们还建议向雇佣年轻人的公司和鼓励培训学习的工作项目（这些有时被称为学徒制）提供税收减免。
Young people can learn English to help them build their skills!
年轻人可以学习英语帮助他们建立自己的技能！
What a good idea!
好主意！
And let's end on a more positive note, shall we, with our quiz question.
让我们回到我们的问题吧。
Yes! You asked me: Which of these unusual jobs is NOT a real one?
好的！你问我：以下哪个不寻常的工作不是真的？
I don't remember all the options…
我记不清所有的选项...
I've got to remind you.
我提示一下。
They were:
答案是：
a) A vibration consultant.
a)振动顾问
b) A trifle analyst.
b）蛋糕分析师
c) A raven master.
c）乌鸦主人
And I said a) a vibration consultant, I think.
我选择了a)震动顾问。
Why did you say that?
你为什么选这个呢？
You were wrong!
你的回答是错误的！
You didn't pay attention to the options presented to you, you just had ears for the first one, didn't you!
你没有注意到给你的选项吗，你只听到了第一个选项，是吗？
Actually, a vibration consultant is someone who advises on vibration and noise problems for construction companies or manufacturers.
实际上，振动顾问是指在振动和噪声问题对于建筑公司或制造商提供建议的人。
A raven master is England's one and only custodian of the Tower of London's ravens.
乌鸦主人是英格兰伦敦塔乌鸦的唯一托管人。
So what doesn't quite exist is a trifle analyst!
所以不存在的是蛋糕分析师！
A trifle is a dessert of course, which I love, and you're not supposed to analyse it.
蛋糕是指一种甜点，当然，我特别喜欢，但是你不能去分析它。
You should just really eat it!
你只能吃它！
Yes, of course!
是的，当然了！
But I'm on a diet, Rob.
但我正在减肥，罗伯。
I've been avoiding even thinking about trifles!
我一直避免甚至考虑蛋糕！
Really, I'll have some more then, thanks.
真的，那我可以多吃一些，谢谢。
To those of you keen on learning English, here are today's words and expressions again.
对于那些热衷于学习英语听众们，以下是今天的单词和词组。
a bleak picture
黯淡的场景
a forecast
预测
entrenched
根深蒂固
to drop out
辍学
marginalised
排斥
temping, a temporary job
临时雇员，临时工作
an apprenticeship
学徒制
Thanks, Natalie.
谢谢你，娜塔莉。
Hopefully you've enjoyed today's programme.
希望大家喜欢今天的节目。
Please do join us again for more 6 Minute English from BBC Learning English very soon! Bye!
请尽快收听下期的BBC六分钟英语！再见！
Bye!
再见！